Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
6660 terms — page 165 of 333
- Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis (KAFO)
- A lower-limb orthosis that spans the knee, ankle, and foot to provide weight-bearing support and prevent knee buckling or hyperextension in people with significant leg weakness or paralysis - commonly…
- Knowledge Base (KB, FAQ Database)
- A knowledge base is a structured repository of information — typically questions, answers, articles, or how-to guides — that can be searched and browsed to find solutions to problems. In accessibility…
- Korean Sign Language (KSL, Suhwa)
- The primary sign language of the Deaf community in South Korea, with its own grammar, vocabulary, and regional variation, and legally recognized as an official language of Korea under the Korean Sign …
- Krippendorff's Alpha (Krippendorff Alpha, Kalpha)
- A statistical measure of inter-rater agreement used to assess how consistently two or more coders classify the same qualitative data. Developed by Klaus Krippendorff, the metric handles any number of …
- Kurzweil Reading Machine (KRM, Kurzweil Reader)
- A pioneering reading device for blind people invented by Ray Kurzweil in 1976, combining optical character recognition (OCR) with text-to-speech synthesis to read printed text aloud. The original devi…
- L1 and L2 Language Learners (First Language Learner, Second Language Learner, Native Signer, L1/L2)
- In language pedagogy, L1 refers to a learner's first or native language and L2 to a language learned after L1 is established. In ASL education, L1 learners are typically Deaf children of Deaf parents …
- LGBTQIA+ (LGBTQ+, LGBT, Queer Community)
- An acronym representing the diverse community of people who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, intersex, asexual or agender, and other sexual orientations and gende…
- LIME (Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations)
- An explainable AI technique, introduced by Ribeiro et al. in 2016, that approximates any black-box model's behaviour around a single prediction by fitting a simple interpretable model (usually sparse …
- LLM (Large Language Model)
- A large neural network trained on enormous volumes of text (and often code and images) to predict and generate natural language. Modern LLMs such as GPT-5, Claude, and Gemini can follow instructions, …
- LLM Accessibility (AI-Generated Accessibility, Generative AI Accessibility)
- The study and practice of how large language models (LLMs) and generative AI tools handle digital accessibility in their outputs, particularly when generating code, user interfaces, or content. Resear…
- LLM Agent (Generative Agent, Task-Executing Agent)
- A software system built around a large language model that autonomously perceives state, plans actions, executes them against an environment (a web page, a mobile app, a shell, a UI), and reflects on …
- LLM Disability Bias (AI Ableism, Language Model Disability Bias)
- Systematic prejudice against people with disabilities embedded in large language models due to biased training data and development processes that underrepresent disabled communities. Research has doc…
- LLM Hallucination (AI Hallucination, Model Hallucination)
- The phenomenon where large language models generate content that is factually incorrect, fabricated, or not grounded in the input provided, while presenting it with apparent confidence. In bias resear…
- LLM Self-Reflection (AI Self-Assessment, Model Self-Evaluation)
- A technique in which a large language model is prompted to evaluate and critique its own output, identifying errors, gaps, or areas for improvement. In the context of accessibility, LLM self-reflectio…
- LLM-Based Auto Correction (AI-Powered Text Correction, LLM Autocorrect)
- The use of large language models to automatically detect and correct common text errors without requiring manual user intervention. In accessibility contexts, LLM-based auto correction can reduce the …
- LLM-as-Judge (LLM as a Judge, Model-as-Judge)
- An evaluation methodology in which a large language model is prompted to assess the quality of some artifact — generated text, code, a UI, or a response from another model — according to a structured …
- LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory, LSTM Network)
- A type of recurrent neural network architecture designed to learn long-term dependencies in sequential data by using special gating mechanisms that control the flow of information through the network.…
- LaTeX (TeX)
- A document typesetting language widely used in academia and STEM fields for producing scientific documents containing complex mathematical formulae. LaTeX encodes mathematical content as plain text ma…
- Lab-Based Evaluation (Laboratory Study, Controlled Evaluation)
- A research evaluation conducted in a controlled laboratory setting rather than in participants' natural environments. Lab-based evaluations are the dominant method in reading support technology resear…
- Labour Force Participation (Workforce Participation, Employment Participation Rate)
- The proportion of a population that is either employed or actively seeking employment. In accessibility contexts, labour force participation rates reveal significant disparities: in Norway, for exampl…