Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
6660 terms — page 43 of 333
- Biosignal Interface (Physiological Interface, Biometric Input)
- An input interface that detects and interprets biological signals from the human body — such as muscle contractions (EMG), brain electrical activity (EEG), eye movements (EOG), or galvanic skin respon…
- Bipolar Disorder (BD, Manic-Depressive Illness)
- A group of brain disorders that cause extreme fluctuations in a person's mood, energy, and ability to function. Bipolar disorder involves episodes of mania (elevated mood, increased activity, reduced …
- Bite Acquisition
- In robot-assisted feeding, the stage in which a robot uses a utensil to pick up a piece of food from a plate or bowl. Bite acquisition is a core technical challenge in assistive feeding robotics becau…
- Bite Switch (Bite Button, Mouth Switch)
- An assistive input device consisting of a small button held in the mouth and activated by biting down on it, used by people with severe motor impairments who cannot operate hand-held controllers or sw…
- Bite Transfer
- In robot-assisted feeding, the stage of the feeding cycle in which a robot arm moves food already on a utensil from a pickup location into the user's mouth. Bite transfer is distinct from bite acquisi…
- Bixby Vision
- Bixby Vision is a visual-assistance feature in Samsung's Bixby assistant, built into Samsung Galaxy phones, that uses the device camera and AI to describe scenes, read text, identify objects and curre…
- Black ASL (Black American Sign Language, BASL)
- A distinct dialect of American Sign Language that developed within the Black Deaf community, shaped by the history of racial segregation in Deaf education in the United States. Black ASL has its own l…
- Black Box Model (Opaque Model)
- A machine-learning model whose internal workings are not directly inspectable or interpretable by a human, either because the model is architecturally complex (deep neural networks, large language mod…
- Blackboard Ally (Ally)
- A commercial accessibility-checking and alternative-format-generation service from Anthology (Blackboard) that integrates with learning management systems such as Blackboard Learn, Canvas, Moodle, and…
- Blended Learning (B-Learning, Hybrid Learning, Mixed-Mode Learning)
- An educational approach that combines online digital media and methods with traditional face-to-face classroom activities. Blended learning integrates the flexibility and self-pacing of e-learning wit…
- Blendshape (Morph Target, Shape Key)
- A 3D animation technique that defines specific facial configurations (such as a smile, raised eyebrow, or open mouth) as target shapes, which can be blended together at varying intensities to create c…
- Blind (Blindness)
- A visual impairment severe enough that a person cannot use vision as their primary means of perceiving information, typically defined legally in the United States as best-corrected visual acuity of 20…
- Blind Education (Education for the Blind, Visual Impairment Education)
- Educational practices, methods, and systems designed to provide equitable learning opportunities for students who are blind or have low vision. Blind education encompasses specialized schools for the …
- Blind Epistemology
- Ways of knowing and understanding the world as a blind person, which are fluid, relational, and shaped by touch, sound, memory, spatial familiarity, and social interaction rather than visual perceptio…
- Blind Hockey (Visually Impaired Hockey, VI Hockey)
- An adapted form of ice hockey designed for players who are blind or have low vision. The sport uses a larger, oversized puck containing ball bearings that rattle when the puck moves, allowing players …
- Blind Navigation (Non-visual navigation, Navigation for blind people)
- The subfield of navigation research and assistive technology that addresses how people who are blind or have low vision find their way through indoor and outdoor environments without relying on sight.…
- Blind Photography (Photography by Blind People)
- The practice of photography by individuals who are blind or have low vision, challenging assumptions that photography is an exclusively visual medium. Blind photographers use a range of strategies inc…
- Blind Sports (Visually Impaired Sports)
- Athletic activities designed for or adapted to enable participation by people who are blind or have low vision. These sports rely on non-visual cues, particularly sound, to make gameplay accessible — …
- Blind and Low Vision (BLV, Vision Impairment, Visual Impairment)
- A broad term encompassing the spectrum of vision loss from partial sight (low vision) to complete blindness. People who are blind or have low vision experience varying degrees of visual function, and …
- Blind and Visually Impaired (BVI, Blind and low vision, BLV, Visually impaired)
- An umbrella term used in accessibility research and practice to encompass people whose vision is significantly reduced, from partial low vision (for example, reduced acuity, contrast sensitivity, or f…