Glossary

Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.

6660 terms — page 44 of 333

Blind-Perspective Training (Non-Visual Training, Blindfold Training)
An educational and vocational training approach where all learners, regardless of their level of functional vision, are taught skills using non-visual techniques such as touch, hearing, and propriocep…
BlindSquare
A GPS-based iOS accessibility app designed for people who are blind or have low vision, providing spoken information about the surrounding environment — nearby points of interest, intersections, stree…
Blindness (Total Blindness, Visual Blindness)
A condition of having no functional vision or light perception, requiring entirely non-visual means of accessing information and navigating the environment. Blind users typically rely on screen reader…
Blindness (Blind, Total Blindness, Complete Vision Loss)
A condition characterised by the complete or near-complete absence of functional vision, ranging from no light perception to minimal light awareness that cannot be used for practical tasks. Blind indi…
Blindness and Low Vision (BLV, visual impairment, vision impairment)
Blindness and low vision (BLV) collectively describes the spectrum of significant visual impairment ranging from complete absence of sight to partial sight loss that cannot be fully corrected with sta…
Blissymbols (Blissymbolics, Bliss Language)
A symbolic language created by Charles K. Bliss, consisting of several hundred basic symbols that can be combined to create new meanings. Unlike pictographic symbol sets where each image represents a …
Block-Based Programming (Visual Block Programming, Block Coding, Blocks-Based Programming)
A programming paradigm where users create code by selecting and connecting visual blocks that snap together like puzzle pieces, rather than typing text-based syntax. Each block represents a programmin…
Blockchain (Distributed Ledger, Distributed Ledger Technology, DLT)
A blockchain is a distributed, append-only digital ledger in which records (blocks) are cryptographically linked and replicated across a decentralized network of nodes. No single party controls the da…
Blocks-Based Programming (Block Programming, Visual Block Programming, BBPE)
A programming paradigm designed to introduce coding concepts to beginners — particularly children — by representing code as visual, interlocking blocks that are dragged and dropped to construct progra…
Blocks4All
An accessible touchscreen-based block-based programming environment designed for students with visual impairments. Blocks4All enables drag-and-drop-like programming interactions on touchscreen devices…
Blood Oxygen Saturation (O2sat, SpO2, Oxygen Saturation)
The percentage of hemoglobin in the blood that is bound to oxygen, typically measured non-invasively using a pulse oximeter. Normal blood oxygen saturation is generally 95-100%, and levels below 88-90…
Bloom's Taxonomy
A hierarchical framework originally proposed by Benjamin Bloom in 1956 and later revised, classifying educational learning objectives into levels of cognitive complexity: remembering, understanding, a…
Blue Cone Monochromatism (BCM, S-cone Monochromacy)
A rare inherited vision condition in which only the blue (short-wavelength) cones function, resulting in severely reduced color vision, reduced visual acuity, photophobia, and nystagmus. Affected indi…
Bluetooth (BLE, Bluetooth Low Energy)
A short-range wireless communication standard used to exchange data between devices over distances of up to approximately 30 metres. In accessibility, Bluetooth is widely used in assistive technology:…
Bluetooth Beacons (BLE Beacons, iBeacons, Bluetooth Low Energy Beacons)
Small wireless transmitters that use Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) to broadcast signals to nearby smartphones and other devices. In accessibility contexts, Bluetooth beacons are deployed in indoor enviro…
Bluetooth Foot Pedal (Page Turn Pedal, Wireless Foot Pedal)
A wireless input device operated by foot that connects to tablets, computers, or specialized music-reading hardware via Bluetooth to enable hands-free page turning of digital music scores. Bluetooth f…
Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE, Bluetooth LE, Bluetooth Smart)
A wireless communication technology designed for short-range data transmission with minimal power consumption. In accessibility contexts, BLE is widely used for indoor positioning and wayfinding syste…
Bluetooth Low Energy Beacon (BLE Beacon, iBeacon, Bluetooth Beacon)
A small, low-power wireless transmitter that broadcasts Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) signals at regular intervals. In accessibility contexts, BLE beacons are widely used for indoor navigation systems fo…
Bluetooth beacon (BLE beacon, iBeacon)
A small wireless transmitter that uses Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) to broadcast signals to nearby devices, enabling indoor positioning and proximity detection. In accessibility applications, beacon net…
Blurred Vision Simulation (Vision Simulation, Low Vision Simulation)
A technique used in accessibility evaluation where evaluators simulate the visual experience of people with reduced visual acuity by artificially blurring their view of a website or application. Metho…