Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
6660 terms — page 50 of 333
- CC/PP (Composite Capability/Preference Profiles)
- A W3C framework for describing device capabilities and user preferences using RDF (Resource Description Framework). CC/PP enables content servers to adapt the delivery of web content based on the char…
- CCTV (Closed Circuit Television, Video Magnifier, Desktop Video Magnifier, Electronic Magnifier)
- A camera-based magnification system used by people with low vision to enlarge text and images on a monitor. Traditional CCTVs consist of a camera mounted over a reading platform that captures material…
- CCTV Magnifier (Closed-Circuit Television Magnifier, Video Magnifier, Desktop Video Magnifier)
- An assistive device that uses a camera to capture an image of text or objects and displays it magnified on a screen, typically a television or computer monitor. CCTV magnifiers are one of the most wid…
- CEA-708 (CTA-708, EIA-708, Digital Closed Captioning)
- A US standard for digital closed captioning on digital television broadcasts and streaming, superseding the analog-era CEA-608 standard. CEA-708 supports richer presentation than its predecessor, incl…
- CIE L*a*b* (CIELAB, Lab Color Space, CIE Lab)
- A perceptually uniform colour space defined by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) in 1976, where the numerical distance between two colour values approximates the perceived visual diff…
- CIE LUV (CIELUV, CIE 1976 L*u*v*)
- A perceptually uniform color space defined by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) that separates color into luminance (L*) and two chromaticity coordinates (u* and v*). Unlike RGB, whic…
- CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training)
- A vision-language model developed by OpenAI that learns to associate images with natural language descriptions through contrastive learning on large-scale image-text pairs. CLIP can compute similarity…
- CODA (Child of Deaf Adults, Children of Deaf Adults)
- An acronym for Child of Deaf Adults, referring to a hearing person who was raised by one or more Deaf parents. CODAs typically grow up bilingual and bicultural, fluent in both a sign language and a sp…
- COM-B Model (COM-B, Capability Opportunity Motivation Behaviour Model)
- A behaviour-change framework proposed by Michie, van Stralen, and West (2011) that identifies three necessary conditions for behaviour to occur: Capability (physical and psychological ability, includi…
- CRPD (Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, UNCRPD)
- An international human rights treaty adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2006 and entered into force in 2008. The CRPD is the first comprehensive human rights treaty of the 21st century …
- CSS Box Model (Box Model)
- A fundamental concept in CSS that describes how HTML elements are rendered as rectangular boxes with four distinct areas: content (the actual text or image), padding (space between content and border)…
- CSS Media Queries (Media Queries, Responsive Breakpoints)
- A CSS feature that allows stylesheets to apply different rules based on characteristics of the user's device or viewport, such as screen width, resolution, color capability, or user preferences like r…
- CSUN Assistive Technology Conference (CSUN, CSUN Conference, ATIA Conference at CSUN)
- The largest annual assistive technology conference in the world, organized by California State University, Northridge's Center on Disabilities. Founded in 1985, the conference brings together thousand…
- CVAA (Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act)
- The 21st Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act, enacted in the United States in 2010 and updated in 2020, which requires major broadcast and cable networks to make online video content ac…
- CVD Simulation (Colour Blindness Simulation, Color Vision Simulation)
- A technique that transforms colours in a design to approximate how they would appear to a person with a specific type of colour vision deficiency. CVD simulations are the most widely implemented featu…
- CaBot (Carry-on Robot, Carnegie Mellon Suitcase Robot)
- A research project begun in 2017 at Carnegie Mellon University that developed a suitcase-shaped autonomous navigation robot to guide blind and low-vision travellers through indoor public spaces. CaBot…
- Calendar Accessibility (Accessible Scheduling)
- The degree to which calendar applications and scheduling tools can be effectively used by people with disabilities, particularly blind and low vision users who rely on screen readers. Calendar accessi…
- Calibrated Trust (Appropriate Reliance, Trust Calibration)
- An HCI and human-factors concept, articulated by Lee and See, describing the alignment between a user's trust in an automated or AI system and the system's actual capability in a given context: trusti…
- Calibration-Free Interface (Zero-Shot Interface, Plug-and-Play Interface, Cross-User Model)
- An input system that works for a new user without any per-user training or calibration data, typically by relying on models trained on large multi-user datasets that capture enough physiological and b…
- Calm Technology (Peripheral Computing, Ambient Computing)
- A design philosophy originated at Xerox PARC in which technology communicates information through the periphery of a user's attention rather than demanding direct focus. Calm technology moves between …