Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
6660 terms — page 6 of 333
- ASL Grammar (American Sign Language Grammar)
- The linguistic rules governing the structure and use of American Sign Language, which differs fundamentally from English grammar. ASL has its own syntax, morphology, and phonology, with word order, sp…
- ASL Linguistic Markers (Non-Manual Markers, Non-Manual Signals, ASL Facial Grammar)
- Facial expressions, head movements, and body postures that serve grammatical and semantic functions in American Sign Language and other sign languages, distinct from emotional facial expressions. Comm…
- ASL education technology (Sign language learning technology)
- Technology designed to support the teaching and learning of American Sign Language, ranging from video-based instructional platforms and feedback systems to computer vision tools that analyse signing …
- ASLTA (American Sign Language Teachers Association)
- A US-based professional association founded to support and certify ASL educators. ASLTA publishes curriculum standards, offers certification at multiple levels (Provisional, Qualified, Professional, M…
- ASR Captioning (Automatic Captioning, Live Auto-Captioning, AI Captioning)
- The use of automatic speech recognition (ASR) technology to generate real-time text captions of spoken language, commonly used as an accessibility tool for Deaf and Hard of Hearing individuals in meet…
- ASSETS (ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility)
- The premier academic conference on accessible computing, organized by ACM SIGACCESS (Special Interest Group on Accessible Computing). ASSETS began as a research conference planned by SIGCAPH (the pred…
- AT Abandonment (Assistive Technology Abandonment, Device Abandonment)
- The discontinuation of use of an assistive technology device by its intended user. AT abandonment rates are significant, with research showing that up to one-third of all assistive devices are abandon…
- AT Impact Framework (ATIF, Assistive Technology Impact Framework)
- A multi-level conceptual framework for evaluating the impact of assistive technology interventions on quality of life, developed from longitudinal research with smartphone users with sensory disabilit…
- AT Information Access (Assistive Technology Information Access)
- The ability of people with disabilities, caregivers, professionals, and other stakeholders to find, understand, and use information about assistive technology products and services. Effective AT infor…
- AT Service Delivery (Assistive Technology Service Delivery)
- The systems, processes, and organizational structures through which assistive technology devices and services reach end users. Effective AT service delivery encompasses needs assessment, device select…
- ATAG (Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines)
- A W3C standard that provides guidelines for making authoring tools—such as content management systems, HTML editors, and website builders—both accessible to authors with disabilities and capable of pr…
- ATK (Accessibility Toolkit, Linux Accessibility Toolkit, AT-SPI)
- ATK (Accessibility Toolkit) is the accessibility framework for the Linux desktop environment, providing an API through which applications expose their user interface elements to assistive technologies…
- ATutor
- ATutor is an open-source web-based Learning Management System (LMS) developed at the University of Toronto's Adaptive Technology Resource Centre (ATRC, now the Inclusive Design Research Centre) with a…
- Abacus (Cranmer Abacus, Counting Frame)
- A manual calculating tool consisting of a frame with rods and movable beads used for arithmetic operations. For visually impaired users, adapted versions like the Cranmer abacus feature beads that sta…
- Abandonment of Assistive Technology (Assistive Technology Abandonment, AT Abandonment, Assistive Technology Discontinuance)
- Abandonment of assistive technology is the well-documented phenomenon in which a substantial proportion of assistive devices acquired by disabled users — commonly reported in the literature at roughly…
- Ability Assumptions (Ability-Based Assumptions, Normative Assumptions)
- Ability assumptions are the implicit expectations that technology designers build into systems about users' physical, sensory, and cognitive capabilities. These assumptions — about how fast someone mo…
- Ability Bias (Ability-Based Bias, Disability Bias)
- A form of social bias encoded in artificial intelligence systems, particularly large language models, that reflects stereotypical or discriminatory assumptions about people with disabilities. Ability …
- Ability Heuristics
- A set of nine accessibility-focused design heuristics — Adaptability, Equitable Experience, Flexible Task Completion, Efficiency and Effectiveness of User Action, Multiple Modalities, Understandable M…
- Ability Model (Ability-Based User Model)
- A representation of a user that focuses on what they can do rather than demographic characteristics or disability categories. Unlike traditional user models that capture preferences, background, or im…
- Ability assumption in AI (Visual ability assumption, Sighted bias in AI)
- The tendency of AI systems to assume users possess typical sensory, cognitive, or physical abilities, leading to inappropriate responses or instructions. In the context of visual AI assistants for bli…