Literature Reviews

Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.

• SourceProbe: web accessibility remediation framework

  Shunguo Yan (2010) — Proceedings of the 2010 International Cross Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This short paper from IBM's Human Ability and Accessibility Center describes the architecture of SourceProbe, a Web Accessibility Remediation Framework designed to automate the four phases of accessibility remediation: validation, source identificati…

  • accessibility remediation
  • automated testing
  • source identification
  • server-side accessibility
  • development tools
  • accessibility workflow

• Augment browsing and standard profiling for enhancing web accessibility

  Silvia Mirri, Paola Salomoni, Catia Prandi (2011) — Proceedings of the International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper presents GAPforAPE (GreaseMonkey And Profiling for Accessible Pages Enhancement), a client-side system that automatically transcodes web content to meet individual users' accessibility needs and preferences. The system is built as a Firefo…

  • content transcoding
  • user profiling
  • browser extensions
  • social media accessibility
  • personalization
  • client-side adaptation
  • screen readers
  • low vision

• Three web accessibility evaluation perspectives for RIA

  Nádia Fernandes, Ana Sofia Batista, Daniel Costa, Carlos Duarte, Luís Carriço (2013) — Proceedings of the 10th International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper presents a large-scale comparative study of web accessibility evaluation across three distinct perspectives that reflect how Rich Internet Applications (RIAs) are actually experienced by users. The three evaluation perspectives are: E1, ev…

  • automated evaluation
  • Rich Internet Applications
  • dynamic content
  • AJAX
  • DOM
  • web accessibility evaluation
  • browser processing

• Developing Hera-FFX for WCAG 2.0

  José L. Fuertes, Emmanuelle Gutiérrez, Loïc Martínez (2011) — Proceedings of the International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper describes the redesign of Hera-FFX, a Mozilla Firefox extension for semi-automatic web accessibility evaluation, to support WCAG 2.0. The original Hera-FFX was built around WCAG 1.0's simpler two-level structure of guidelines and checkpoin…

  • accessibility evaluation
  • evaluation tools
  • WCAG 2.0
  • semi-automatic evaluation
  • browser extensions
  • manual evaluation

• User requirement analysis for a railway ticketing portal with emphasis on semantic accessibility for older users

  Michael Leitner, Özge Subasi, Norman Höller, Arjan Geven, Manfred Tscheligi (2009) — Proceedings of the 2009 International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper investigates the user requirements of older adults using an online railway ticketing portal operated by a nationwide Austrian railway company. The researchers employed a mixed-methods approach combining a large-scale online questionnaire (…

  • older adults
  • semantic accessibility
  • user requirements
  • universal accessibility
  • e-commerce accessibility
  • user-centered design
  • web accessibility

• Accessibility Challenges and Tool Features: An IBM Web Developer Perspective

  Shari Trewin, Brian Cragun, Cal Swart, Jonathan Brezin, John Richards (2010) — Proceedings of the 2010 International Cross Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This highly cited (50 citations) survey of 49 IBM web developers explores the barriers they face in creating accessible rich internet applications and what features they value in accessibility testing tools. IBM mandates accessibility through Corpora…

  • developer awareness
  • accessibility testing
  • evaluation tools
  • software development
  • accessibility training
  • developer experience
  • WCAG compliance
  • assistive technology

• How Cloud Computing Can Support On-Demand Assistive Services

  Davide Mulfari, Antonio Celesti, Antonio Puliafito, Massimo Villari (2013) — Proceedings of the 10th International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper from the University of Messina investigates how cloud computing and virtualisation can provide on-demand assistive technology services for people with disabilities who need to use shared or public computers. The core problem is that when a…

  • cloud computing
  • assistive technology
  • virtual desktop
  • screen reader
  • screen magnifier
  • motor accessibility
  • HTML5
  • remote desktop

• A Crowdsourcing Platform for the Construction of Accessibility Maps

  Carlos Cardonha, Diego Gallo, Priscilla Avegliano, Ricardo Herrmann, Fernando Koch, Sergio Borger (2013) — Proceedings of the 10th International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This highly cited paper (69 citations) from IBM Research Brazil presents a comprehensive crowdsourcing platform for constructing outdoor accessibility maps through two complementary data collection approaches. The first, IBM Citizen Sensing, is an ac…

  • crowdsourcing
  • accessibility mapping
  • physical accessibility
  • urban accessibility
  • citizen sensing
  • smart cities
  • mobile accessibility
  • data visualization
  • sensor data

• VizWiz: Nearly Real-Time Answers to Visual Questions

  Jeffrey P. Bigham, Chandrika Jayant, Hanjie Ji, Greg Little, Andrew Miller, Robert C. Miller, Aubrey Tatarowicz, Brandyn White, Samuel White, Tom Yeh (2010) — Proceedings of the 2010 International Cross Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper introduces VizWiz, a pioneering mobile application that enables blind and low-vision people to get nearly real-time answers to visual questions by connecting their smartphone cameras to remote paid workers on Amazon Mechanical Turk. Users …

  • blind and low vision
  • crowdsourcing
  • assistive technology
  • mobile accessibility
  • human computation
  • visual question answering
  • independence
  • smartphone

• Development and Trial of an Educational Tool to Support the Accessibility Evaluation Process

  Christopher Bailey, Elaine Pearson (2011) — Proceedings of the International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper describes the design, development, and first trial of the Accessibility Evaluation Assistant (AEA), a web-based knowledge management tool created at Teesside University to support novice auditors in conducting accessibility evaluations. Th…

  • accessibility evaluation
  • accessibility education
  • WCAG compliance
  • evaluation tools
  • novice auditors
  • structured walkthrough
  • accessibility training