Literature Reviews
Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.
119 results found tagged low vision.
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Web Accessibility Guidelines for the 2020s
Written by W3C/WAI staff member Michael Cooper, this paper provides an insider perspective on the strategic direction of web accessibility guidelines following the completion of the 2.0 suite — WCAG 2.0 (finalized 2008), ATAG 2.0 (2015), and UAAG 2.0…
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HTML5 accessible video player: how and why
This paper from the American Foundation for the Blind (AFB) describes the development of a free, open source HTML5 video player designed to address the widespread accessibility barriers in online video playback interfaces. The authors identify four k…
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WebSight: Using AR and WebGL shaders to assist the visually impaired
This demonstration paper presents WebSight, a browser-based augmented reality system that uses WebGL shaders to process a smartphone’s live camera feed in real time, enhancing visual features to assist people with low vision in navigating real-world …
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Application for the configuration and adaptation of the Android operating system for the visually impaired
This short paper presents the design and preliminary evaluation of an Android application that allows people with visual impairments (PVI) to configure their device’s accessibility settings using voice commands, bypassing the paradoxical problem that…
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Exploring the Role of Tunnel Vision Simulation in the Design Cycle of Accessible Interfaces
This paper investigates whether gaze-contingent tunnel vision simulation can serve as a reliable tool within the design cycle for accessible web interfaces, enabling sighted developers to experience and evaluate prototypes under simulated visual fiel…
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Making Memes Accessible
This paper presents two semi-automatic methods for making internet image macro memes accessible to people with vision impairments: rich alternative text descriptions and audio macro memes. Memes are a pervasive form of online communication, yet they …
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Demo: Expanding Blocks4All with Variables and Functions
This demonstration paper describes extensions to Blocks4All, an accessible blocks-based programming environment (BBPE) for iPad designed to enable children with visual impairments to learn programming through touchscreen interaction with screen reade…
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WatchOut: Obstacle Sonification for People with Visual Impairment or Blindness
This paper presents WatchOut, a sonification technique that conveys real-time information about obstacle characteristics to people who are blind or visually impaired (BVI) through non-verbal sound, enabling them to avoid obstacles while walking. The …
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Defining Problems of Practices to Advance Inclusive Tactile Media Consumption and Production
This paper presents findings from three Tactile Art and Graphics Symposia (TAGS) that gathered 64 participants — 49% of whom were blind or had low vision — including artists, museum curators, tactile media designers, access technologists, teachers of…
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Leveraging Augmented Reality to Create Apps for People with Visual Disabilities: A Case Study in Indoor Navigation
This paper presents Clew, an iOS app that leverages Apple’s ARKit augmented reality framework to help people who are blind or visually impaired (B/VI) navigate indoor environments — a setting where GPS is unreliable (accuracy drops to ~5m+ indoors). …