Literature Reviews
Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.
16 results found tagged longitudinal study.
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ViDscribe: Multimodal AI for Customizing Audio Description and Question Answering in Online Videos
Cheema and colleagues (Arizona State University and Saarland University) present ViDscribe, a web platform that layers AI-generated audio description (AD) and conversational visual question answering (VQA) on top of arbitrary YouTube videos for blind…
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How Does Delegation in Social Interaction Evolve Over Time? Navigation with a Robot for Blind People
Hata and colleagues run a three-week longitudinal study of how six blind participants delegate social navigation tasks to a guide robot in the Miraikan science museum. The paper pushes back against the default assumption that accessible navigation ro…
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Accessibility of Internet Websites through Time
This paper presents a longitudinal analysis of web accessibility from 1997 to 2002 using archived snapshots from the Internet Archive's Wayback Machine. The researchers evaluated 240 archived instances of random websites (40 per year from the Alexa t…
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NavTap: A Long Term Study with Excluded Blind Users
This paper presents a long-term evaluation of NavTap, a navigational text-entry method designed specifically for blind users who cannot effectively use standard mobile phone text input. Unlike traditional MultiTap — where users press a key multiple t…
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Web Accessibility as a Side Effect
This paper investigates the conjecture that improvements in web accessibility have arisen partly as unintentional side effects of changes in web technology and design practices, rather than from deliberate accessibility efforts. Building on a prior 1…
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A Unifying Notification System To Scale Up Assistive Services
This paper addresses a fundamental scalability problem in assistive technology for older adults: the "silo-based" approach where each assistive service (pill reminders, door monitors, activity trackers) implements its own notification system. When ol…
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Getting Smartphones to Talkback: Understanding the Smartphone Adoption Process of Blind Users
This paper presents an eight-week longitudinal study investigating how novice blind users adopt touchscreen smartphones, transitioning from traditional feature phones. The researchers recruited five legally blind participants (ages 23-55) who had nev…
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Typing Performance of Blind Users: An Analysis of Touch Behaviors, Learning Effect, and In-Situ Usage
This longitudinal study provides the most detailed analysis to date of how novice blind users learn to type on touchscreen keyboards using the Explore by Touch paradigm (where users slide fingers across the screen to hear key names, then lift to sele…
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Understanding Users in the Wild
This paper presents a tool for capturing low-level user interaction data from web applications unobtrusively and longitudinally, enabling the study of "accessibility-in-use" — how real users with real goals experience accessibility in real-world sett…
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GestureCalc: An Eyes-Free Calculator for Touch Screens
This full research paper presents GestureCalc, an eyes-free, target-less gesture-based calculator for touch screens, along with a rigorous three-session longitudinal evaluation with eight screen reader users. The system replaces the spatial button la…