Glossary

Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.

899 results found in Assistive Technology.

Braille Translator (Braille translation software)
Software that converts print text (and sometimes marked-up content such as LaTeX or MathML) into correctly formatted Braille output, applying contractions, code switches, and page-layout rules. Braill…
Braille display (Refreshable braille display, Braille terminal)
An electromechanical device that renders text as tactile braille characters using small pins that raise and lower dynamically. Braille displays connect to computers and mobile devices, enabling blind …
Brailler (Braille Writer, Perkins Brailler)
A mechanical or electronic device for writing Braille, functioning similarly to a typewriter with six keys corresponding to the six dots of a Braille cell. Braillers are significantly faster and easie…
Brain-Computer Interface (BCI, Brain-Machine Interface, BMI, Neural Interface)
A technology that enables direct communication between the brain and an external device by detecting and interpreting neural activity, typically through electroencephalography (EEG) or electromyograph…
Brain-Computer Interface (BCI, Brain-Machine Interface, BMI, Neural Interface)
A technology that enables direct communication between the brain and an external device by detecting and interpreting neural signals. BCIs can use invasive methods (implanted electrodes) or non-invasi…
BrainGate (BrainGate2)
A long-running multi-site clinical trial program (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00912041) that evaluates implantable intracortical brain-computer interfaces in people with paralysis from spinal cord injury, A…
Breath Control (Sip-and-Puff Control, Pneumatic Input)
An assistive technology input method that uses breath pressure — blowing or sipping through a sensor — to control a computer, device, or instrument. Breath control is particularly valuable for individ…
Breathing Input (Breath-based Input, Puff Input)
An alternative computer input method that uses deliberate breath actions — such as puffing, blowing, or inhaling — detected by a microphone or pressure sensor as control signals for navigating interfa…
Browser Accessibility (Accessible Browsing, Web Browser Accessibility)
The degree to which web browsers themselves are usable by people with disabilities and age-related impairments, distinct from the accessibility of web content. Browser accessibility encompasses built-…
Browser Extension (Browser Plugin, Browser Add-On)
A software module that adds functionality to a web browser, typically installed from a browser's extension store. Browser extensions are a common delivery mechanism for accessibility tools because the…
Browser Helper Object (BHO)
A plugin module for web browsers (originally Internet Explorer) that loads with each browser instance and has access to the Document Object Model and browser events. In accessibility contexts, BHOs ha…
Brute-Force Fallback (Reset Strategy, Exhaustive Recovery)
A workaround strategy employed by assistive technology users when standard interaction methods fail, involving systematically trying all available options or completely restarting a task from a known …
Bubble Cursor (Dynamic Cursor, Area Cursor)
An enhanced pointing technique that dynamically resizes the cursor's activation area to make target selection easier, particularly for users with motor impairments. The bubble cursor expands to encomp…
Buddy Button
A widely used commercial assistive technology switch manufactured by AbleNet, designed for single-switch access to computers, communication devices, and adapted toys. Buddy Buttons are large, colorful…
C-Print (C-Print Pro)
A meaning-for-meaning real-time captioning service where a trained captioner produces a condensed transcription of spoken classroom content, as opposed to the verbatim word-for-word transcription prov…
CART (Communication Access Realtime Translation, Computer-Aided Real-Time Translation)
A real-time captioning service in which a trained stenographer uses a specialized keyboard to transcribe spoken language into text as it is spoken, typically achieving accuracy rates above 98%. CART i…
CART (Communication Access Realtime Translation, Real-Time Captioning, Realtime Captioning)
A professional service providing instant, verbatim text display of spoken content, typically delivered by trained stenographers using specialized equipment. CART achieves accuracy rates of 98% or high…
CCTV (Closed Circuit Television, Video Magnifier, Desktop Video Magnifier, Electronic Magnifier)
A camera-based magnification system used by people with low vision to enlarge text and images on a monitor. Traditional CCTVs consist of a camera mounted over a reading platform that captures material…
CCTV Magnifier (Closed-Circuit Television Magnifier, Video Magnifier, Desktop Video Magnifier)
An assistive device that uses a camera to capture an image of text or objects and displays it magnified on a screen, typically a television or computer monitor. CCTV magnifiers are one of the most wid…
CaBot (Carry-on Robot, Carnegie Mellon Suitcase Robot)
A research project begun in 2017 at Carnegie Mellon University that developed a suitcase-shaped autonomous navigation robot to guide blind and low-vision travellers through indoor public spaces. CaBot…