Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
229 results found in Research Methods.
- Duoethnography
- A collaborative qualitative research method in which two researchers with differing perspectives examine a shared topic through dialogue, juxtaposing their personal experiences to generate deeper unde…
- Dyadic Interaction (Dyad Interaction, Paired Interaction)
- Social interaction between two individuals, studied as the fundamental unit of social exchange. In accessibility and intervention research, dyadic interaction is often examined in contexts such as chi…
- ELAN (EUDICO Linguistic Annotator)
- A free, open-source annotation tool developed at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics for creating, editing, and searching multi-tier, time-aligned annotations on video and audio recordings.…
- Elicitation Study (Gesture Elicitation Study)
- An elicitation study is a user research method in which participants are shown the effect of an action (called a referent) and asked to propose the input or gesture (called a sign) that should cause i…
- Emancipatory Research (Emancipatory Disability Research)
- A research paradigm that positions people with disabilities not merely as research subjects but as active agents who lead and control research about their own lives and experiences. Emerging from the …
- Embodied Sketching
- Embodied sketching is a participatory design method in which participants and designers physically act out interaction ideas with their bodies, props, and the surrounding space rather than only sketch…
- Embodied cognition (Embodied learning, Enactive cognition)
- A theoretical framework proposing that cognitive processes are deeply shaped by the body's interactions with its physical environment — that thinking is not purely abstract but is grounded in sensory …
- Error Taxonomy (Error Classification, Error Typology)
- A systematic classification of the types of errors that users or learners commonly make, organised into categories based on the nature, source, or linguistic level of the error. In accessibility and e…
- Ethnographic Study (Ethnography, Ethnographic Research)
- A qualitative research methodology originating in anthropology that involves prolonged, immersive observation of people in their natural environments to understand their behaviours, practices, and soc…
- Evaluation Reliability (Inter-rater Reliability, Evaluator Agreement)
- The extent to which independent accessibility evaluations of the same content produce consistent results. High reliability means that different evaluators using the same method will identify similar s…
- Experience sampling method (ESM, Ecological momentary assessment, EMA)
- A research methodology that captures participants' experiences, behaviours, and psychological states in real time as they go about their daily lives, typically through repeated brief surveys triggered…
- Experience-Based Co-Design (EBCD)
- A participatory methodology originally developed in UK health services research that treats people's lived experience - their 'emotional touch-points' of confusion, frustration, or insight - as the co…
- Explanatory Sequential Design (Sequential Explanatory Design, QUAN → QUAL)
- A mixed-methods research design in which a quantitative phase is conducted first — typically a survey or other structured measurement — and its results are then used to guide a follow-up qualitative p…
- Exploratory Procedures (EPs)
- Exploratory procedures are stereotyped movement patterns that people use when examining objects through touch to identify specific properties. Defined by Lederman and Klatzky in tactile perception res…
- Extractive Research (Extractive UX Research)
- A critique of research practices — common in industry UX and academic HCI — in which researchers take data, insights, or stories from a community, often marginalized, without ongoing relationship, rec…
- Eye Tracking (Eye-Tracking, Gaze Tracking)
- A research methodology that uses specialized hardware (such as infrared cameras) to measure where a person is looking on a screen or in an environment, recording the sequence and duration of gaze fixa…
- FaceReader (Noldus FaceReader)
- A commercial facial-expression recognition software (developed by Noldus) that uses computer vision and deep learning to automatically classify faces into basic emotions (neutral, happy, sad, angry, s…
- Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
- A comprehensive, anatomically based system for describing all visually discernible facial movements, originally developed by Paul Ekman and Wallace Friesen in 1977. FACS decomposes facial expressions …
- Feasibility Study (Feasibility Trial, Pilot Study)
- A feasibility study is a small-scale investigation conducted before a full-scale trial to determine whether a planned intervention or system can be delivered as intended in its real-world setting. Fea…
- Fixation (Visual Fixation, Gaze Fixation)
- A period during which the eyes remain relatively stationary on a specific point or area, typically lasting 100 to 600 milliseconds. During fixations, the brain processes the visual information at the …