Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
192 results found in artificial intelligence.
- Conversational Assistant (Voice Assistant, Virtual Assistant, Intelligent Personal Assistant)
- A software application that uses natural language processing and speech recognition to interact with users through spoken or typed conversation, providing information, performing tasks, and controllin…
- Counterfactual Prompting (Counterfactual Debiasing, Counterfactual Data Augmentation)
- A bias mitigation technique that involves modifying prompts or training examples by swapping identity-related attributes (such as disability status, gender, or race) while keeping all other context id…
- Cross-Checking (Cross-Verification, Multi-Tool Verification)
- A verification strategy used by blind and low vision people to assess the reliability of AI-generated image descriptions by comparing outputs from multiple AI tools, taking photos from different angle…
- Crowd Accessibility (Crowdsourcing for Accessibility, Human-Powered Access Technology)
- An approach that combines human intelligence with machine intelligence to create accessible content and services for people with disabilities. In crowd accessibility, micro-tasks that automated system…
- Crowd-AI System (Hybrid Crowd-AI, Human-AI System)
- A system that combines human crowdsourced input with artificial intelligence to accomplish tasks that neither can handle well alone. In accessibility contexts, crowd-AI systems are used for visual que…
- Datasheets for datasets (Dataset documentation, Data cards)
- A standardized documentation framework proposed by Gebru et al. that accompanies machine learning datasets with information about their creation, composition, intended use, and limitations. For access…
- Deep Learning (DL)
- Deep learning is a subset of machine learning that uses artificial neural networks with multiple layers to learn complex patterns from large amounts of data. In accessibility contexts, deep learning p…
- Deepfake (Synthetic Media, AI-Generated Media)
- AI-generated or AI-manipulated media (images, video, audio, or text) designed to convincingly depict events, people, or statements that never occurred. Deepfakes pose specific risks for people with di…
- Description Logic (DL, Description Logics)
- A family of formal knowledge representation languages used as the mathematical foundation for ontology languages like OWL. Description logics describe a domain in terms of individuals (specific entiti…
- Differential privacy (DP)
- A mathematical framework for sharing statistical information about a dataset while providing provable guarantees that individual records cannot be identified. In accessibility contexts, differential p…
- Digital mental health (E-mental health, Digital therapeutics)
- The use of digital technologies including AI chatbots, mood tracking apps, and online therapeutic platforms to support mental health assessment, monitoring, and intervention. Designing accessible and …
- Directional Stimulus Prompting (DSP)
- A prompt engineering technique for large language models that provides specific keywords or directional stimuli to guide the model toward generating output focused on particular aspects or attributes.…
- Disability-Centered Dataset (Disability-First Dataset, Accessibility Dataset)
- A research dataset specifically designed to capture the practices, environments, and experiences of people with disabilities, rather than retrofitting general-purpose datasets for accessibility evalua…
- Edge Computing (Edge AI, Edge Intelligence)
- Edge computing is a computing paradigm where data processing occurs on devices physically close to the user rather than in centralized cloud servers. For accessibility applications, edge computing off…
- Egocentric Spatial Reasoning (First-Person Spatial Understanding, User-Relative Spatial Reasoning)
- The ability of a system to understand and describe the spatial positions of objects relative to the user's body and perspective, rather than from a bird's-eye or absolute reference frame. For AI syste…
- Emotion Recognition (Facial Emotion Recognition, FER, Affect Recognition)
- AI technology that attempts to identify human emotional states from facial expressions, voice patterns, body language, or physiological signals. Emotion recognition systems have been widely criticized…
- Epistemic Barrier (Knowledge Barrier, Epistemic Divide)
- A barrier to collaboration or understanding that arises from fundamental differences in knowledge systems, expertise, values, and ways of knowing between groups. In the context of sign language AI dev…
- Ethics Washing (Ethics-Washing)
- The practice of creating the illusion of high ethical standards through superficial transparency efforts, ethics committees, or principles documentation while actual practices do not reflect these sta…
- Fabrication (AI Fabrication, Confabulation)
- An AI error where the model generates content that does not exist in the input, such as describing objects not present in an image, inventing text that does not appear in a document, or creating detai…
- Face Detection (Face Recognition, Facial Detection)
- A computer vision technology that identifies and locates human faces within digital images or video frames, typically providing bounding box coordinates around each detected face. Face detection serve…