Literature Reviews
Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.
31 results found tagged blind.
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Making Memes Accessible
This paper presents two semi-automatic methods for making internet image macro memes accessible to people with vision impairments: rich alternative text descriptions and audio macro memes. Memes are a pervasive form of online communication, yet they …
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DarkReader: Bridging the Gap Between Perception and Reality of Power Consumption in Smartphones for Blind Users
This paper presents DarkReader, a modified Android screen reader that truly turns off the smartphone screen while preserving full touchscreen interaction for blind users, saving 24-52% of power compared to the default TalkBack screen reader. The work…
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Demo: Expanding Blocks4All with Variables and Functions
This demonstration paper describes extensions to Blocks4All, an accessible blocks-based programming environment (BBPE) for iPad designed to enable children with visual impairments to learn programming through touchscreen interaction with screen reade…
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BrailleBlocks: Braille Toys for Cross-Ability Collaboration
This student research abstract presents BrailleBlocks, a tangible learning system designed to help blind or visually impaired children learn Braille collaboratively with their sighted parents. Braille literacy in the United States is critically low —…
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Automatic Generation and Evaluation of Usable and Secure Audio reCAPTCHA
This paper presents reCAPGen, a system that automatically generates usable and secure audio CAPTCHAs by leveraging the gap between human and machine speech recognition abilities. Visual CAPTCHAs — the dominant form of online human verification — are …
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WatchOut: Obstacle Sonification for People with Visual Impairment or Blindness
This paper presents WatchOut, a sonification technique that conveys real-time information about obstacle characteristics to people who are blind or visually impaired (BVI) through non-verbal sound, enabling them to avoid obstacles while walking. The …
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Reading Between the Guidelines: How Commercial Voice Assistant Guidelines Hinder Accessibility for Blind Users
This paper presents a qualitative document review of public-facing voice assistant design guidelines published by five leading commercial vendors — Amazon (Alexa), Google (Google Assistant), Microsoft (Cortana), Apple (Siri), and Alibaba (Xiao AI) — …
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Defining Problems of Practices to Advance Inclusive Tactile Media Consumption and Production
This paper presents findings from three Tactile Art and Graphics Symposia (TAGS) that gathered 64 participants — 49% of whom were blind or had low vision — including artists, museum curators, tactile media designers, access technologists, teachers of…
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μGraph: Haptic Exploration and Editing of 3D Chemical Diagrams
This paper presents μGraph (Multimodal Graph), a system that combines haptic force feedback and speech to enable people who are blind or visually impaired (VIB) to explore and edit three-dimensional structural chemical formulae. Chemical diagrams rep…
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Non-Visual Beats: Redesigning the Groove Pizza
This demonstration paper describes the accessible redesign of the Groove Pizza, a popular free web-based drum step-sequencer developed by NYU’s Music Experience Design Lab (MusEDLab) that reaches thousands of users per month. The original Groove Pizz…