Literature Reviews
Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.
276 results found tagged blindness.
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"Pretty Much an Advocate as Well": Investigating the Experiences of Self-Employed Individuals with Visual Impairments
This paper from the University of Maryland, Baltimore County explores the experiences of 14 self-employed individuals with visual impairments in the United States, examining how technology shapes their work as small business owners and independent co…
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"We are at the mercy of others' opinion": Supporting Blind People in Recreational Window Shopping with AI-infused Technology
This paper investigates how AI-powered navigation technology can support blind people in recreational window shopping — an activity that sighted people take for granted but remains largely inaccessible to those without vision. Researchers from the Un…
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"I look at it as the king of knowledge": How Blind People Use and Understand Generative AI Tools
This study investigates how blind individuals use and make sense of mainstream generative AI tools, based on semi-structured interviews with 19 blind participants who regularly use tools like ChatGPT, Google Gemini, Microsoft Copilot, Claude, and Be …
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Breaking the News Barrier: Towards Understanding News Consumption Practices among BVI Individuals in India
This study examines digital news consumption practices among blind and visually impaired (BVI) individuals in India, a country home to approximately 4.95 million blind and 35 million visually impaired people. Through semi-structured interviews and co…
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Enhancing Accessibility in Webtoons: Investigating Audio Effect Placement Strategies for Visually Impaired Users
This extended abstract investigates how the timing of audio effect (AE) placement—before, during (overlapping), or after narration—affects the user experience of audio-described webtoons for visually impaired users. Webtoons are Korean-originated ver…
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Designing Accessible Calendar Tools for Blind and Low-Vision Users
This extended abstract investigates the accessibility challenges blind and low vision (BLV) users face with calendar applications and explores how voice-activated personal assistants (VAPAs) like Siri and Alexa can enhance calendar usability. The stu…
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Surfacing Variations to Calibrate Perceived Reliability of MLLM-generated Image Descriptions
This paper addresses a critical safety problem in AI-powered visual access technology: multimodal large language models (MLLMs) like GPT-4o, Gemini, and Claude produce fluent, confident image descriptions that can contain fabricated content, misinter…
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A Low-Fidelity Prototyping Method for Blind Users: A Case Study on Designing Two-Dimensional Tactile Displays
This paper addresses the fundamental problem that design workshops—a key method for involving end users in technology development—are largely inaccessible to blind people due to their reliance on visual methods like sketching, storyboarding, and visu…
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VizXpress: Towards Expressive Visual Content by Blind Creators Through AI Support
This paper investigates how blind individuals engage with and desire to create expressive visual content — moving beyond the functional accessibility tasks (like privacy preservation or layout correction) that prior research has focused on. The autho…
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Engaging Visually Impaired People in Science Museums Through an Immersive Workshop: Practices, Challenges, and Opportunities
This paper investigates how science museums can become more accessible to visually impaired visitors through the design and evaluation of an immersive, tactile workshop. Conducted at Miraikan (The National Museum of Emerging Science and Innovation) i…