Literature Reviews — A11y Paradise

Semantic Bookmarking for Non-Visual Web Access

Saikat Mukherjee, I. V. Ramakrishnan, Michael Kifer (2004) — Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

This paper introduces semantic bookmarking, a technique for non-visual web access that allows blind users to bookmark meaningful content segments on web pages using domain ontologies rather than structural HTML positions. The research is built on Hea…

Memory Enhancement through Audio

Jaime Sánchez, Héctor Flores (2004) — Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

This paper presents AudioMemory, a virtual environment based on audio designed to develop and enhance short-term memory in blind children, along with AudioMath, an extension that applies the same model to mathematics learning. Developed at the Univer…

Accessibility of Internet Websites through Time

Stephanie Hackett, Bambang Parmanto, Xiaoming Zeng (2004) — Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

This paper presents a longitudinal analysis of web accessibility from 1997 to 2002 using archived snapshots from the Internet Archive's Wayback Machine. The researchers evaluated 240 archived instances of random websites (40 per year from the Alexa t…

UMA: A System for Universal Mathematics Accessibility

A. I. Karshmer, G. Gupta, E. Pontelli, K. Miesenberger, N. Ammalai, D. Gopal, M. Batusic, B. Stöger, B. Palmer, H-F. Guo (2004) — Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

This paper presents the Universal Mathematics Accessibility (UMA) system, a multi-institution collaboration to make mathematical content interoperable between the notation systems used by blind and sighted individuals. The fundamental problem is that…

Middleware to Expand Context and Preview in Hypertext

Simon Harper, Carole Goble, Robert Stevens, Yeliz Yesilada (2004) — Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

This paper presents a middleware tool that automatically annotates web pages with expanded context and preview information for hypertext links, addressing a core navigation problem for visually impaired web users. The authors draw an analogy between …

Designing a Cognitive Aid for the Home: A Case-Study Approach

Jessica Paradise, Elizabeth D. Mynatt, Cliff Williams, John Goldthwaite (2004) — Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

This paper describes the design of a computational pacing aid for a woman ("C") with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) who struggles with chronic tardiness during her morning routine at a residential program. The researchers from Georgia Tech and Dre…

EyeDraw: A System for Drawing Pictures with Eye Movements

Anthony Hornof, Anna Cavender, Rob Hoselton (2004) — Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

This paper presents EyeDraw, a software program that enables children with severe mobility impairments to draw pictures using only their eye movements tracked by an LC Technologies Eyegaze eye tracker. The system is designed to provide creative devel…

A Web Accessibility Service: Update and Findings

Vicki L. Hanson, John T. Richards (2004) — Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

This paper reports on the evolution of IBM's Web Accessibility Service from a proxy server prototype (presented at Assets 2002) to a client-side architecture that transforms web pages on the fly to meet the needs of older adults and people with disab…

Automating Accessibility: The Dynamic Keyboard

Shari Trewin (2004) — Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

This paper presents the Dynamic Keyboard, a self-adaptive software agent developed at IBM's T.J. Watson Research Center that continuously and automatically adjusts keyboard accessibility settings to match the current user's typing patterns. The syste…

Speech-Based Cursor Control: A Study of Grid-Based Solutions

Liwei Dai, Rich Goldman, Andrew Sears, Jeremy Lozier (2004) — Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

This paper investigates grid-based approaches to speech-controlled cursor positioning, addressing a well-documented weakness of speech recognition technology: while dictation-based text entry has improved dramatically, using speech for precise cursor…