Literature Reviews
Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.
40 results found tagged digital inclusion.
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Sparsha: A Comprehensive Indian Language Toolset for the Blind
This paper presents Sparsha ("feeling of touch" in Hindi), the first comprehensive toolset enabling over 13 million visually impaired people in the Indian subcontinent to read and write in their native languages using a computer. Existing Braille tra…
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New Technology Enables Many-Fold Reduction in the Cost of Refreshable Braille Displays
This paper from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) describes a novel rotating-wheel design for refreshable Braille displays that could reduce costs by up to a factor of ten compared to existing displays. The dominant cost facto…
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Understanding the Computer Skills of Adult Expert Users with Down Syndrome: An Exploratory Study
This paper presents an ethnographic study of ten adult expert computer users with Down syndrome, observed in their homes and workplaces for a minimum of two hours each. The research aimed to move beyond earlier survey-based studies (which relied on p…
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How Voice Augmentation Supports Elderly Web Users
This paper from IBM Research Tokyo investigates how voice-based augmentation, originally developed for blind screen reader users, can be adapted to support older adults using web applications. The research addresses two key barriers that prevent elde…
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Accessible Crowdwork? Understanding the Value in and Challenge of Microtask Employment for People with Disabilities
This paper presents the first formal study of crowdworkers who have disabilities, using a mixed-methods approach combining in-depth interviews with 17 people (8 disabled crowdworkers and 9 job coaches for people with disabilities) and a survey of 631…
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'Your Duties Are To Sweep A Floor Remotely': Low Information Quality in Job Advertisements is a Barrier to Low-Income Job-Seekers' Successful Use of Digital Platforms
This paper investigates barriers that low-income job-seekers face when using digital platforms to find work, based on 27 semi-structured interviews with US residents earning under $45,000 who had searched for paid work in the previous two years. The …
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Age, Technology Usage, and Cognitive Characteristics in Relation to Perceived Disorientation and Reported Website Ease of Use
This paper challenges the common practice in HCI research of using chronological age as the primary metric for understanding differences in web browsing experience between older and younger adults. Twenty participants (12 older adults aged 63-90, M=7…
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Accessible Web Design for Older Adults: Challenges and Solutions
This systematic literature review analyzes 4,052 articles published between 2014 and 2023 to comprehensively map the challenges older adults face online and the solutions proposed to address them. Using the PRISMA methodology and PICO framework, the …
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Bridging the Digital Divide: Enhancing Digital Inclusion of Blind or Partially Sighted and Deaf or Hard of Hearing Individuals in Low- and Middle-Income Countries through Smartphones as Assistive Technology
This multi-country study evaluates a two-day scaffolded digital skills training intervention designed to improve smartphone proficiency among blind or partially sighted (BPS) and deaf or hard of hearing (DHH) individuals in Brazil, India, and Kenya. …
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Alipi: Tools for a Re-Narration Web
This companion demo paper to the full Alipi framework paper presents the concrete open-source toolset that implements the re-narration web concept. The authors frame the accessibility challenge around the "next billion" internet users — people who ma…