Glossary

Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.

39 results found in Disability Rights.

Inclusive Privacy (Accessible Privacy, Privacy and Accessibility)
An emerging field of research and practice focused on designing security and privacy mechanisms that are inclusive of people with diverse characteristics, abilities, needs, and values — particularly p…
Independent Living Movement (IL Movement)
A disability rights movement that emerged in the 1960s and 1970s advocating for disabled people's right to live independently in the community, make their own choices, and participate fully in society…
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
A United States federal law that guarantees students with disabilities the right to a free and appropriate public education (FAPE) in the least restrictive environment. Originally enacted in 1975 as t…
Institutional Gatekeeping (Systemic Gatekeeping)
The practices through which institutions such as insurance companies, healthcare providers, school districts, and government agencies control access to assistive technology and disability services by …
Institutionalization
The historical and ongoing practice of placing disabled people in segregated residential facilities such as asylums, nursing homes, and other care institutions, often without their consent. Institutio…
Interpersonal Safety
Interpersonal safety refers to protection from threats of bodily harm caused by other people, such as assault, harassment, or violence. For people with disabilities, interpersonal safety presents dist…
Leadership of the Most Affected
A core principle of disability-justice organising that positions people most directly affected by a problem — those with the most at stake and the most lived expertise — as the leaders of work aimed a…
Linguistic Minority (Language Minority)
A group whose primary language differs from the dominant language of the surrounding society, often placing them at a disadvantage in education, employment, civic participation, and access to informat…
Mainstream Education (Mainstreaming, Inclusive Education, Integrated Classroom)
The practice of educating students with disabilities in general education classrooms alongside non-disabled peers, rather than in separate special education settings. Mainstreaming emerged from disabi…
Marginalization (Social Marginalization, Social Exclusion)
The process by which individuals or groups are pushed to the edges of society, denied equal access to resources, opportunities, and power. People with disabilities, particularly those with communicati…
Olmstead Decision (Olmstead v. L.C.)
A landmark 1999 United States Supreme Court ruling that held requiring disabled people to live in institutional settings when they could live in the community constitutes unlawful discrimination under…
Power Dynamics in Accessibility (Access Power Relations)
The ways in which power operates within the systems that govern assistive technology provision, disability services, and access to accommodations. Power dynamics manifest through institutional gatekee…
ProcureAccess (Procure Access)
A business-to-business initiative run by the non-profit Disability:IN that asks organisations to commit to embedding accessibility and disability inclusion into their technology procurement processes.…
Sexual Violence (Nonconsensual Sex)
Any sexual act, attempt, or coercion that occurs without the freely given consent of the person involved. In accessibility research, sexual violence is a significant concern because disabled and neuro…
Social Agency
Social agency is the capacity to shape, initiate, and sustain one's social interactions - to contribute meaningfully to a group, express preferences, and influence shared activity. For people with cog…
Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
A U.S. federal program administered by the Social Security Administration that provides cash benefits to people with disabilities, blindness, or age-related needs who have limited income and resources…
Supported Decision-Making (SDM)
A legal and practical alternative to guardianship in which a person with a cognitive or developmental disability retains decision-making authority over their own life while receiving support from trus…
Surveillance
The systematic, focused, and often routine observation of people, their activities, or their data for purposes of influence, management, entitlement, or control. In accessibility and HCI research, sur…
Transinstitutionalization
The transition of disabled people from one type of institutional setting to another rather than to genuine community-based living. For example, the movement of disabled individuals from clinical insti…