Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
27 results found in participatory design.
- Co-Design (Co-creation, Cooperative Design)
- Co-design is a collaborative design approach that actively involves all stakeholders — including end users, domain experts, and designers — as equal partners in the design process. In accessibility wo…
- Co-creation workshop (Co-creation session, Co-design workshop)
- A structured collaborative session in which researchers, designers, and participants (including end users) work together to generate ideas, explore concepts, and shape the design of products, services…
- Community-Based Design (Community-Based Participatory Design, CBPD)
- A design approach that situates the design process within a specific community, engaging community members as active participants and co-creators rather than passive research subjects. Unlike lab-base…
- Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR, Community-based participatory design)
- A research orientation in which academic researchers and community members collaborate as equal partners throughout the full research cycle — problem definition, design, data collection, analysis, and…
- Community-sourcing (Community Sourcing, Community-contributed Data)
- A data collection approach where members of a specific community contribute information based on their direct experience and local knowledge, as distinct from general crowdsourcing which draws on anon…
- Cooperative Inquiry (Co-Inquiry)
- A participatory design methodology that involves children as full design partners throughout the technology development process, from initial brainstorming through prototyping and evaluation. Develope…
- Crowdsourced accessibility data (Crowdsourced validation, Accessibility crowdsourcing)
- The collection, verification, or enrichment of accessibility-related geographic or environmental information through the coordinated efforts of many distributed contributors, often via web-based platf…
- DIY-AT (Do-It-Yourself Assistive Technology, DIY Assistive Technology)
- Assistive technology that is custom-made — often using digital fabrication, low-cost electronics, 3D printing, or everyday craft materials — by or with disabled people, their families, therapists, or …
- Embodied Critique (Embodied Feedback, Body-Based Critique)
- A method of expressing critical feedback through physical bodies and bodily actions rather than relying solely on spoken or written language. Embodied critique draws on disability cultures where commu…
- End-User Auditing (User-Led Auditing, End User Audits)
- An approach to AI auditing in which everyday users — rather than professional evaluators — identify problems, biases, or harms in AI outputs based on their lived experience. End-user auditing is parti…
- Focus Group (Focus Group Discussion, Group Interview)
- A qualitative research method in which a small group of participants (typically 3-10) with shared characteristics discuss a topic guided by a moderator, allowing researchers to explore perspectives, o…
- Improvisation (Design Improvisation, Research Improvisation)
- In the context of accessibility research and design, improvisation refers to the practice of creatively adapting plans and methods in response to unexpected circumstances, defined as "a creative act c…
- Mediated Communication (Proxy Communication, Supported Communication)
- Communication that is facilitated or interpreted through a third party, such as a caregiver, support worker, family member, or communication partner who knows the person well. In research involving pe…
- Nothing About Us Without Us (NAUWU, Nihil de nobis sine nobis)
- A foundational principle of the disability rights movement asserting that people with disabilities must be meaningfully involved in decisions, policies, research, and design processes that affect thei…
- Participant-led research (User-led research)
- A research methodology in which participants — particularly those from marginalized or underrepresented groups — take an active role in directing the research process, shaping study protocols, and det…
- Participatory Design with Proxies (PDwP, Proxy Design)
- A variation of participatory design in which people who are familiar with target users or who closely resemble them are included in the design process as proxy participants. Proxies — such as parents,…
- Person-Centred Planning (Person-Centered Planning, PCP)
- A combination of approaches designed to empower people with disabilities to make their own choices and decisions about the support they receive. In accessibility contexts, person-centred planning shif…
- Pluralistic Walkthrough (Pluralistic Usability Walkthrough)
- A group usability inspection method, introduced by Randolph Bias in 1994, in which users, developers, and usability specialists step through a task scenario together, each writing down the actions the…
- Research reciprocity (Participatory reciprocity)
- The principle that research participation should be a mutually beneficial exchange in which participants gain value — such as social connection, learning opportunities, a sense of contributing to know…
- Reverse Inclusion
- A design approach that begins with the lived experience and needs of a person with a disability and then expands the design outward to include broader social circles and communities. Reverse inclusion…