Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
6660 terms — page 116 of 333
- Experiential learning (Learning by doing, Experience-based learning)
- Experiential learning is a pedagogical approach in which knowledge and skills are acquired through direct, concrete experience rather than passive instruction. Grounded in theories by Kolb and others,…
- Expert User (Advanced User, Power User)
- A user who has substantial experience with a system and has internalised its structure, commands, and idioms. Expert users typically prefer direct, efficient interaction — keyboard shortcuts, command-…
- Explainable AI (XAI, Interpretable AI)
- A set of methods and design approaches that make the outputs and decision-making processes of artificial intelligence systems understandable to human users. Explainable AI aims to provide transparency…
- Explanatory Sequential Design (Sequential Explanatory Design, QUAN → QUAL)
- A mixed-methods research design in which a quantitative phase is conducted first — typically a survey or other structured measurement — and its results are then used to guide a follow-up qualitative p…
- Exploratory Procedures (EPs)
- Exploratory procedures are stereotyped movement patterns that people use when examining objects through touch to identify specific properties. Defined by Lederman and Klatzky in tactile perception res…
- Explore by Touch (Touch Exploration)
- A screen reader interaction mode on touchscreen devices in which users drag their finger across the screen to discover and hear descriptions of interface elements beneath their fingertip. When Explore…
- Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP, Exposure Therapy)
- The gold-standard evidence-based treatment for OCD in which individuals gradually confront situations that trigger their obsessions (exposure) while refraining from performing their usual compulsive r…
- Expressive Aesthetics (Expressive Design Aesthetics)
- A dimension of visual aesthetics in web design characterised by creativity, originality, visual sophistication, and design ingenuity. Identified by Lavie and Tractinsky as one of two main dimensions o…
- Expressive Captions (Affective Captions, Emotion Captions, Typographic Captions)
- Captions that go beyond literal word-for-word transcription to convey the prosodic, emotional, or speaker-identity information that traditional captions strip out. Expressive captions may modulate fon…
- Expressive Communication (Expressive AAC, Rich Communication)
- Communication that conveys not just informational content but also emotion, personality, attitude, humor, and social nuance. For AAC users, achieving expressive communication is a significant challeng…
- Expressive Content Creation (Expressive Visual Creation)
- The creation of digital content — images, videos, documents, social media posts — with intentional aesthetic choices that communicate personal style, identity, mood, or artistic vision. Expressive con…
- Expressive Writing (Pennebaker Paradigm)
- A therapeutic writing practice, formalised by James Pennebaker in the 1980s, in which individuals write about emotionally significant or traumatic experiences for short, repeated sessions. Decades of …
- Extended Audio Description (Extended AD, Paused Audio Description)
- A form of audio description in which the video is temporarily paused to allow time for a longer, more detailed description of visual content before resuming playback. Extended AD is used when gaps bet…
- Extended Audio Description (Extended Description)
- A form of audio description in which the video playback is paused to allow time for a description that would not otherwise fit within natural gaps in the audio track. Extended audio descriptions are u…
- Extended Digital Scaffolding (WhatsApp-Based Scaffolding)
- A new zone in the Digital Scaffolding Framework that extends classroom-based digital skills training through ongoing support via digital communication platforms such as WhatsApp groups. In this zone, …
- Extended Reality (XR, Cross Reality)
- An umbrella term encompassing all immersive technologies that blend physical and virtual environments, including virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR). In accessibility,…
- External Human-Machine Interface (eHMI, External HMI)
- A class of interfaces on the exterior of a vehicle — typically an automated or autonomous vehicle — designed to communicate the vehicle's intent, awareness, or state to pedestrians, cyclists, and othe…
- External Memory
- Information held outside the brain — in notes, calendars, photographs, voice recordings, alarms, labelled objects, or digital systems — that a person draws on to remember names, dates, tasks, procedur…
- External Metadata (Accessibility Metadata Overlay, Third-Party Metadata)
- External metadata in the context of web accessibility refers to supplementary information stored separately from a web page that can be applied to improve the page's accessibility without modifying th…
- Extra-Speech Information (ESI, Paralinguistic Information)
- Aspects of spoken language beyond the words themselves that convey additional meaning, including how something is said rather than what is said. Examples include tone of voice (yelling, whispering), v…