Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
6660 terms — page 202 of 333
- Non-Visual Mental Model (Non-Visual Representation, Tactile Mental Model)
- A cognitive representation of concepts, objects, or systems built through non-visual sensory channels — primarily touch, hearing, and proprioception — rather than through sight. People who are blind d…
- Non-Visual Navigation (Eyes-Free Navigation, Non-Visual Wayfinding)
- Strategies and technologies that enable people who are blind or have low vision to navigate physical environments without relying on visual information. Non-visual navigation uses a combination of tac…
- Non-Visual Reading (Audio Reading, Tactile Reading)
- Methods of accessing written content without relying on visual perception, including braille reading, screen reader audio output, and text-to-speech technology. Non-visual reading is essential for bli…
- Non-Visual Reference Database (Non-Visual Cooking Database)
- A proposed structured collection that maps common visual descriptions used in cooking and other domains to their non-visual equivalents using texture, sound, smell, time, and temperature descriptors. …
- Non-Visual Skimming (Aural Skimming, Accessible Skimming)
- Non-visual skimming is the process of quickly surveying and extracting key information from text content without visual access, typically through auditory means such as screen readers. While sighted u…
- Non-Visual Web Access (Non-Visual Browsing, Nonvisual Web Access)
- The use of the web without relying on visual display, typically through screen readers, voice browsers, or refreshable braille displays that convert web content into speech or tactile output. Non-visu…
- Non-Visual Web Browser (Self-Voicing Browser, Audio Web Browser, Talking Browser)
- A web browser specifically designed for users who cannot see the screen, providing audio-based or haptic interfaces for navigating and interacting with web content. Unlike standard screen readers that…
- Non-diegetic Sound (Non-diegetic Audio, Extradiegetic Sound)
- Sound in film, television, or games that does not originate from any source within the story world and cannot be heard by the characters - for example, orchestral score, voice-over narration, or added…
- Non-manual markers (NMM, Non-manual signals, Facial grammar)
- Linguistic features in sign languages that are conveyed through facial expressions, head tilts, eye gaze direction, mouth movements, and body posture rather than through hand signs. Non-manual markers…
- Non-visible disability (Hidden disability, Non-apparent disability)
- A disability that is not immediately apparent to others through visual observation. Non-visible disabilities include neurodivergent conditions (autism, ADHD, dyslexia), mental health conditions (anxie…
- Non-visual Display (Nonvisual Display, Non-visual Interface)
- A non-visual display presents information to a user through senses other than vision — most commonly hearing (synthesized speech, earcons, sonification), touch (Braille output, vibrotactile patterns, …
- Nonspeech Audio (Non-Speech Sounds, Auditory Cues)
- Audio feedback in user interfaces that conveys information through sounds other than synthesized or recorded speech, including earcons (abstract musical motifs), auditory icons (realistic sounds repre…
- Nontraditional Assistive Technologies (NTATs, Nontraditional Input Technologies)
- Input technologies that use physiological signals rather than physical movement to control computers, providing access for people who cannot use traditional devices like keyboards, mice, or even eye-t…
- Nonverbal Learning Disorder (NVLD, Nonverbal Learning Disability, NLD)
- A neurodevelopmental condition characterized by difficulties with visual-spatial processing, motor coordination, and social skills, while verbal abilities are typically a relative strength. People wit…
- Nonverbal communication (NVC, Body language, Nonverbal cues)
- The transmission of information through channels other than spoken or written language, including facial expressions, eye contact, head gestures, hand movements, body posture, spatial proximity, and t…
- Nonvisual Access (Non-Visual Access, Nonvisual Web Access, Non-Visual Web Access)
- The use of digital content, particularly web pages and applications, through means other than sight. Nonvisual access typically involves screen readers that convert text to speech, braille displays th…
- Nonvisual Accessibility (Non-Visual Access)
- Nonvisual accessibility refers to approaches, strategies, and technologies that enable people who are blind or have low vision to access information and interact with digital and physical environments…
- Nonvisual Interaction (Eyes-Free Interaction, Screenless Interaction)
- Interaction with computing devices without relying on visual feedback, using alternative channels such as audio, tactile, or proprioceptive cues. Nonvisual interaction is essential for blind and low-v…
- Nonvisual Programming (Non-Visual Programming, Blind Programming)
- The practice of writing, navigating, debugging, and managing software code without relying on visual display, typically using screen readers, braille displays, and audio cues. Nonvisual programmers fa…
- Normal-Hearing Listener (NH Listener, Normal Hearing)
- A research term for a participant whose audiometric thresholds fall within the clinical normal range (typically pure-tone thresholds of 25 dB HL or better across speech frequencies), used as a compari…