Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
6660 terms — page 303 of 333
- TrueSkill (TrueSkill Bayesian Rating)
- A Bayesian skill-rating algorithm developed at Microsoft Research (Herbrich et al., 2007) that models each player or option as a normal distribution with a mean skill μ and uncertainty σ, updating bot…
- Trust in Automation (Automation trust, TiA)
- A human factors construct describing the extent to which a person believes an automated system — a car, aircraft, medical device, AI assistant, or robot — will perform reliably and behave in their int…
- Tunnel Vision (Peripheral Vision Loss, PVL)
- A visual impairment characterized by the loss of peripheral vision while central vision may remain intact, resulting in a narrow field of view as if looking through a tunnel. Tunnel vision can be caus…
- Turing Test (Imitation Game)
- The Turing Test, proposed by Alan Turing in 1950, is a thought experiment for assessing whether a machine's conversational behaviour is indistinguishable from that of a human. A human evaluator engage…
- Turn Taking (Conversational Turn-Taking, Turn-Taking)
- The pragmatic skill of alternating speaking and listening roles during conversation, including knowing when to speak, how long to speak, and how to signal readiness to yield or take a turn. Turn takin…
- Turn-Taking (Conversational Turn-Taking, Floor Management)
- The process by which speakers in a conversation negotiate who speaks when, managing transitions between speakers through verbal and non-verbal cues. Turn-taking involves recognizing when a speaker is …
- Turn-Taking
- The process by which participants in a conversation manage who speaks when, including how speakers signal they are finished and how listeners indicate they want to contribute. Turn-taking norms are ty…
- Turn-by-turn navigation (Step-by-step navigation, Guided navigation)
- A navigation method that provides sequential walk-and-turn instructions to guide a user along a route without requiring prior knowledge of the environment. For people with visual impairments, turn-by-…
- Tutoring System (Intelligent Tutoring System, ITS, Computer-Based Tutor)
- Software that provides personalised instruction and feedback to learners, adapting its responses based on the learner's performance, knowledge level, and error patterns. In accessibility contexts, tut…
- Two-Handed Alphabet (Two-Handed Manual Alphabet, Two-Handed Fingerspelling)
- A manual alphabet in which most letters are formed using both hands, typically with one hand acting as a base and the other as an articulator. Two-handed alphabets are used in Auslan, British Sign Lan…
- Two-Point Discrimination (Spatial Acuity, Tactile Acuity)
- A measure of tactile sensitivity indicating the minimum distance at which two distinct points of contact on the skin can be perceived as separate rather than as a single point. Lower values indicate h…
- Typeface Classification (Font Classification, Typeface Categories)
- The set of broad categories used to describe and compare typefaces. The most common groupings are: serif (letters with small projecting strokes at terminals, e.g. Times, Roboto Serif), sans-serif (no …
- Typhlology (Typhlopedagogy)
- The study and science of blindness and visual impairment, encompassing education, rehabilitation, and support methods for people who are blind or have low vision. Typhlology draws on knowledge from ed…
- Typographic Encoding (Visual Typography Mapping)
- The practice of using typographic properties—such as font size, weight, color, spacing, opacity, and baseline shift—to encode non-textual information within written content. In accessibility contexts,…
- Typographic Modulation (Typographic Variation, Dynamic Typography)
- Systematic variation of a typeface's visual parameters — weight, width, slant, size, colour, letter spacing, baseline shift, opacity — to carry information beyond the literal words, typically driven b…
- Typography (Typographic Design)
- The art and technique of arranging type to make written language legible, readable, and visually appealing. In accessibility contexts, typography encompasses font selection, size, weight, spacing (let…
- UAAG (User Agent Accessibility Guidelines)
- A set of guidelines from the W3C Web Accessibility Initiative that explains how to make user agents — browsers, media players, and other applications that render web content — accessible to people wit…
- UAProf (User Agent Profile)
- A specification from the Open Mobile Alliance that extends the CC/PP (Composite Capability/Preference Profiles) framework to describe mobile device capabilities in a standardized RDF-based format. UAP…
- UAspeech Database (UAspeech, UA-Speech, Universal Access Speech)
- The UAspeech Database is a standardized corpus of dysarthric speech recordings created for research in accessible speech technology. It contains isolated word recordings from speakers with cerebral pa…
- UEQ-S (User Experience Questionnaire - Short, Short UEQ)
- UEQ-S is an eight-item short version of the User Experience Questionnaire, a standardised survey instrument that measures subjective user experience on a 7-point semantic-differential scale. It captur…