Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
6660 terms — page 86 of 333
- Dataset Bias (Training Data Bias, Data Representation Bias, Sampling Bias)
- A systematic skew in the composition of training data used to build machine learning models, resulting in models that perform well for overrepresented groups but poorly for underrepresented ones. In a…
- Dataset Collection (Data Collection Protocol)
- The process of gathering, curating, and documenting data used to train, evaluate, or benchmark machine learning systems. In accessibility contexts, dataset collection decisions — who contributes, what…
- Datasheets for datasets (Dataset documentation, Data cards)
- A standardized documentation framework proposed by Gebru et al. that accompanies machine learning datasets with information about their creation, composition, intended use, and limitations. For access…
- Dataveillance
- Surveillance conducted through the systematic collection, aggregation, and analysis of personal digital data — clicks, location traces, physiological signals, text, voice, facial data — rather than th…
- Date Picker Accessibility (Accessible Date Picker, Date Selection Accessibility)
- The degree to which date selection controls in web and mobile applications can be used effectively by people with disabilities. Date pickers are one of the most problematic interface elements for scre…
- De-identification (De-ID, Data De-identification)
- The process of removing or obscuring personally identifiable information from data, images, or video to protect an individual's privacy. In video contexts, de-identification may involve blurring, pixe…
- Dead Reckoning (Inertial Navigation, Pedestrian Dead Reckoning, PDR)
- Dead reckoning is a navigation technique that estimates a user's current position by tracking their movement from a known starting point, using data from inertial sensors such as accelerometers and gy…
- Dead Time (Wait Time, Idle Time)
- In scanning-based assistive technology interfaces, the period during which a user must passively wait before they can make their next input action. In row-column scanning, dead time occurs while waiti…
- Deaf (deaf, Big-D Deaf)
- A term with dual meaning in accessibility contexts: lowercase "deaf" refers to the audiological condition of having significant hearing loss, while uppercase "Deaf" refers to cultural identity and mem…
- Deaf Community (Deaf World, Signing Community)
- A cultural and linguistic community of people who are Deaf or hard of hearing and who share a common language (typically a sign language), cultural values, traditions, and social norms. The Deaf commu…
- Deaf Culture (Deaf Community Culture)
- The shared cultural identity, values, social norms, language, art, literature, and history of Deaf people who communicate primarily through sign language. Deaf culture (with a capital "D") views deafn…
- Deaf Education (Deaf Pedagogy, Education of the Deaf)
- Deaf education encompasses the teaching methods, curricula, and educational systems designed to meet the learning needs of deaf and hard of hearing students. It spans a range of approaches from oral m…
- Deaf Epistemology (Deaf Ways of Knowing)
- A body of theory and practice that recognizes Deaf communities as producers of distinct knowledge grounded in visual-spatial modalities, embodied interaction, sign language, and community experience. …
- Deaf Gain
- A reframing concept that positions Deafness not as a loss (hearing loss) but as a gain — emphasizing the unique contributions, perspectives, and capabilities that Deaf individuals and Deaf culture bri…
- Deaf Literacy
- The reading and writing abilities of deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals, particularly in the dominant spoken/written language of their country. Research consistently shows that a majority of deaf hi…
- Deaf Music (Deaf musicality, Music in Deaf culture)
- Music as experienced, created, and culturally interpreted by d/Deaf and Hard of Hearing individuals and communities. Deaf music encompasses a multimodal, spatio-temporal engagement with rhythm, vibrat…
- Deaf Pedagogy
- An educational framework that centers Deaf students' visual and multimodal resources, resists deficit models of deafness, and embraces translanguaging and visual-relational classroom norms. Deaf pedag…
- Deaf Speech (Deaf Accent, Deaf Voice)
- Accented speech produced by many individuals who are deaf or significantly hard of hearing, resulting from incomplete acoustic feedback from their own voices. Because deaf speakers cannot fully hear t…
- Deaf Tech (Deaf-Centered Technology)
- A framework and design orientation for technologies created by, with, and centering Deaf communities. Deaf Tech emphasizes participatory design, cultural relevance, and alignment with Deaf epistemolog…
- Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH, D/HH)
- An inclusive term encompassing people with varying degrees of hearing loss, from mild to profound. "Deaf" with a capital D often refers to individuals who identify as members of the Deaf community and…