Literature Reviews
Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.
64 results found tagged captioning.
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Speaker-Aware Affective Captioning for Multi-Speaker STEM Talk in Inclusive Classrooms
Ubur and colleagues at Virginia Tech address a specific failure mode of live captioning in classroom and meeting settings: collapsing multi-speaker discourse into a single text stream that obscures who said what and how it was said. They argue this i…
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Silence is a Feature, Not a Bug: A Deaf Developer’s Autoethnography on Agency and Local AI
This CHI 2026 Extended Abstract is a three-page autoethnographic provocation by a Deaf computer science graduate student who uses a MED-EL cochlear implant. The author refuses the medical-model framing of deafness as deficit and instead argues that t…
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Redesigning Educational Videos for Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Learners
Educational videos have exploded in higher education and online learning, but accessibility guidance for d/Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) learners has barely moved beyond captions and transcripts. Chen and colleagues argue this is a theoretical gap a…
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Like, Comment & Caption: A Decade of Social Media Video Caption Research (2015-2025)
This CHI 2026 paper is a systematic literature review of 36 peer-reviewed studies on Social Media Video Captions (SMVC) published between 2015 and 2025, spanning HCI, accessibility, media studies, education, and language learning. The authors use 'SM…
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Toward Enhancing Subtitle Features in Mobile Apps: Analyzing User Reviews for Accessibility and Usability Insights
This large-scale study analyses user reviews from the Google Play Store to understand how people experience subtitle and caption features in mobile applications. The authors extracted roughly 180 million reviews from the top 340 Android apps across d…
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Methods for Evaluation of Imperfect Captioning Tools by Deaf or Hard-of-Hearing Users at Different Reading Literacy Levels
This CHI 2018 paper (awarded an Honourable Mention) is the originating methodological study behind the group’s later Alonzo et al. work on Automatic Text Simplification evaluation. It asks: when Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) participants evaluate im…
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Preferred Appearance of Captions Generated by Automatic Speech Recognition for Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Viewers
This CHI 2019 Late-Breaking Work (6 pages) investigates a practical question that has received surprisingly little research: when Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is used to caption small-group meetings for Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) viewers, h…
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Visualization of Speech Prosody and Emotion in Captions: Accessibility for Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Users
This CHI 2023 paper tackles a dimension of captioning that has gone largely unaddressed for four decades: captions depict words but strip out the prosody and emotion carried by a speaker's voice. The authors argue that while automatic speech recognit…
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Usability Evaluation of Captions for People Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing
This is a SIGACCESS Newsletter article summarizing a line of research by Kafle and Huenerfauth on building a caption-quality evaluation metric that actually reflects the experience of Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) readers — rather than simply counti…
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Watch It, Don't Imagine It: Creating a Better Caption-Occlusion Metric by Collecting More Ecologically Valid Judgments from DHH Viewers
This CHI 2022 paper builds a better automated metric for the severity of caption-occlusion — the problem of closed captions blocking important on-screen visual content during television programming. DHH viewers consistently report that even perfectly…