Literature Reviews
Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.
72 results found tagged natural language processing.
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Evaluating the Benefit of Highlighting Key Words in Captions for People who are Deaf or Hard of Hearing
This paper investigates whether visually highlighting important words in video captions benefits Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) users, through formative studies and a larger evaluation study. DHH users face a unique visual-attention challenge when wa…
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Combining Semantic Tools for Automatic Evaluation of Alternative Texts
This paper presents SCREW v2, an updated algorithm for automatically assessing the quality of alternative texts for images on web pages from an accessibility perspective. The work is motivated by the EU Directive 2016/2102, which requires monitoring …
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Reading Experiences and Interest in Reading-Assistance Tools Among Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Computing Professionals
This study investigates whether Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) computing professionals are interested in Automatic Text Simplification (ATS) tools to assist with reading in their professional work. ATS software rewrites text to improve readability us…
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Fluent: An AI Augmented Writing Tool for People who Stutter
This paper presents Fluent, a novel AI-powered writing tool designed to help people who stutter (PWS) prepare scripts and written content that they can deliver more fluently. Over 70 million people worldwide stutter, and a common coping strategy is w…
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A Dataset of Alt Texts from HCI Publications: Analyses and Uses Towards Producing More Descriptive Alt Texts of Data Visualizations in Scientific Papers
This paper examines the quality and availability of alt text for data visualizations in scientific publications, focusing on papers from the HCI and accessibility communities (CHI and ASSETS conferences, 2010-2020). The authors processed over 25,000 …
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AIDE: Automatic and Accessible Image Descriptions for Review Imagery in Online Retail
This paper from the Wayfair Next team presents AIDE (Automatic Image Description Engine), a multi-modal system that automatically generates alt-text for user-submitted review photos on e-commerce sites. While product images on retail sites sometimes …
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When Headers Are Not There: Design and User Evaluation of an Automatic Topicalisation and Labelling Tool to Aid the Exploration of Web Documents by Blind Users
This paper addresses a fundamental problem for blind screen reader users: what happens when web documents lack proper heading markup, eliminating one of the primary navigation strategies available to them. The researchers designed and evaluated a too…
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Understanding and Improving Drilled-Down Information Extraction from Online Data Visualizations for Screen-Reader Users
This full research paper presents a comprehensive investigation into how screen-reader users (SRUs) extract drilled-down information from online data visualizations, and how the VoxLens tool can be improved to support this process. While prior work o…
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Modeling Word Importance in Conversational Transcripts: Toward improved live captioning for Deaf and hard of hearing viewers
This paper investigates how to model word importance in conversational transcripts to improve live captioning quality for Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) viewers. Live captions generated by automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems inevitably contain…
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A More Accessible Web with Natural Language Interface
This extended abstract proposes building a general natural language interface (NLI) for the Web that would allow users to express their needs in plain language and have the system automatically carry out the required actions on any website. The appro…