Literature Reviews

Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.

• Exploring AI Opportunities in Deaf Education: Understanding Design Needs Through Teacher and Parent Perspectives in Bangladesh

  Md. Ataur Rahman Bhuiyan, Nadim Mahmud Dipu, Tanvir Rahman, Oindri Aurunima Sarker, Shidhartha Chakrabarty Turzo, Jannatun Noor (2026) — Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '26)

  This CHI 2026 qualitative study investigates how AI-powered educational tools should be designed for Deaf learners in Bangladesh — a low-resource context where Bangla Sign Language (BdSL) is still evolving, datasets are small, and infrastructure (int…

  • deaf education
  • sign language
  • Bangla Sign Language
  • BdSL
  • artificial intelligence
  • large language models
  • accessibility
  • co-design
  • Global South
  • educational technology
  • low-resource setting
  • Bangladesh
  • qualitative research
  • disability justice

• American Sign Language Recognition in Game Development for Deaf Children

  Helene Brashear, Valerie Henderson, Kwang-Hyun Park, Harley Hamilton, Seungyon Lee, Thad Starner (2006) — Proceedings of the 8th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '06)

  This paper presents CopyCat, an educational computer game that uses gesture recognition technology to help young deaf children (ages 6-11) practice American Sign Language (ASL) skills. The project addresses a critical language development challenge: …

  • deaf education
  • sign language recognition
  • ASL
  • gesture recognition
  • computer vision
  • educational games
  • hidden Markov models
  • children
  • language acquisition

• An Evaluation of Video Intelligibility for Novice American Sign Language Learners on a Mobile Device

  Kimberly A. Weaver, Thad Starner, Harley Hamilton (2010) — Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This paper investigates what video resolution is necessary for novice signers to learn American Sign Language (ASL) from video on a mobile device. The motivation is deeply practical: approximately 77% of deaf children are born to hearing parents who …

  • American Sign Language
  • deaf education
  • mobile learning
  • video intelligibility
  • computer-assisted language learning
  • sign language

• ASL-STEM Forum: Enabling Sign Language to Grow Through Online Collaboration

  Anna C. Cavender, Daniel S. Otero, Jeffrey P. Bigham, Richard E. Ladner (2010) — CHI '10: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

  This paper presents the ASL-STEM Forum, the first online video-based collaboration tool designed to help expand American Sign Language (ASL) vocabulary for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields. The paper addresses a signifi…

  • American Sign Language
  • deaf education
  • STEM accessibility
  • online collaboration
  • video forums
  • language development
  • crowdsourcing

• Comparing Methods of Displaying Language Feedback for Student Videos of American Sign Language

  Matt Huenerfauth, Elaine Gale, Brian Penly, Mackenzie Willard, Dhananjai Hariharan (2015) — ASSETS '15: Proceedings of the 17th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

  This research investigates how to effectively provide feedback to students learning American Sign Language (ASL), specifically comparing different methods of presenting information about errors and correct usage in their signing videos. The work is m…

  • American Sign Language
  • ASL
  • deaf education
  • language learning
  • video feedback
  • Wizard-of-Oz
  • computer-assisted instruction
  • sign language
  • hearing parents

• Personal Perspectives on Using Automatic Speech Recognition to Facilitate Communication between Deaf Students and Hearing Customers

  James R. Mallory, Michael Stinson, Lisa Elliot, Donna Easton (2017) — Proceedings of the 19th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This experience report examines the use of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) via the WhatsApp smartphone app to facilitate communication between deaf and hard-of-hearing (D/HH) students and hearing business customers in real workplace settings. The …

  • automatic speech recognition
  • deaf and hard of hearing
  • workplace accessibility
  • deaf education
  • speech recognition
  • communication accessibility
  • mobile accessibility

• Sign'Maths: An Interactive Dictionary in French Sign Language

  Camille Nadal, Christophe Collet (2017) — Proceedings of the 19th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS)

  Sign'Maths is an online interactive dictionary designed to give deaf students access to mathematical definitions in French Sign Language (LSF). The project emerges from a significant gap in deaf education: while France legally recognized Sign Languag…

  • deaf education
  • sign language
  • e-learning
  • mathematical accessibility
  • bilingual education
  • user-centered design
  • French Sign Language

• A system for teaching speech to profoundly deaf children using synthesized acoustic and articulatory patterns

  E. Keate, H. Javkin, N. Antonanzas-Barroso, R. Zou (1994) — Proceedings of the First Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '94)

  This paper describes a PC-based computer-assisted speech training system for profoundly deaf children that integrates a text-to-speech (TTS) synthesizer to generate both acoustic and articulatory models for any typed utterance. The system addresses a…

  • deaf education
  • speech training
  • text-to-speech
  • palatography
  • visual feedback
  • acoustic analysis
  • articulation
  • speech synthesis
  • deaf children
  • computer-aided instruction
  • formant analysis