Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
221 results found in Cognitive Accessibility.
- Automated Readability Scoring (ARSS, Automated Readability Scoring System, Readability Assessment)
- The use of computational methods to automatically evaluate the reading difficulty level of a text. Traditional readability formulas like Flesch-Kincaid and Dale-Chall use surface features such as aver…
- Automatic Readability Assessment (Readability Prediction, Reading Level Assessment)
- The computational task of predicting how difficult a text is for a reader, usually expressed as a grade level or a readability score. Modern systems treat readability as a machine-learning classificat…
- Ballot Design (Accessible Ballot Design)
- The layout and interaction design of the form through which voters select and cast their choices, covering paper ballots, electronic voting machines, and online interfaces. Well-studied accessibility …
- Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD, Behavioural Disturbance, Neuropsychiatric Symptoms)
- A range of non-cognitive symptoms and behaviours associated with dementia, including agitation, aggression, wandering, repetitive behaviours, sleep disturbances, anxiety, depression, delusions, and ha…
- Cause and Effect Software (Cause and Effect Games, Contingency Learning Software)
- Simple interactive software designed for users with significant cognitive or motor disabilities, where any input (such as pressing a switch) produces an immediate sensory response (visual, auditory, o…
- Character Recognition
- In the context of reading and cognitive accessibility, character recognition refers to the ability to correctly identify and distinguish individual letters and numbers. People with dyslexia often expe…
- Circle of Friends (Circle of Support, Circles of Support)
- Circle of Friends (or Circle of Support) is a facilitated social-inclusion intervention in which a person with a disability is surrounded by a small, intentional group of peers, family members, and su…
- Clarifying Question (Clarifying Questions, Counter-Question)
- A clarifying question is a follow-up query posed by a system or interlocutor to resolve ambiguity, fill missing context, or confirm intent before acting on a user's request. In conversational interfac…
- Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR, CDR Scale)
- The Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) is a five-point staging scale used to characterise the severity of dementia, originally developed by Hughes and colleagues at Washington University in 1982. A clinic…
- Clock Drawing Test (CDT)
- The Clock Drawing Test (CDT) is a brief cognitive screening task in which a person is asked to draw a clock face, place the numbers, and set the hands to a specified time (commonly "ten past eleven").…
- Co-Regulation (Coregulation)
- Co-regulation is the process by which one person helps another manage their emotional or physiological state, through presence, calming behaviours, modelling coping strategies, or environmental adjust…
- Cocktail Party Effect (Selective Auditory Attention)
- The human ability to focus auditory attention on a single speaker or sound source while filtering out competing background noise or other simultaneous conversations. Named after the experience of foll…
- Cognitive Artifact (Cognitive Artefact)
- An artificial device — physical or digital — designed or appropriated to maintain, display, or operate on information in ways that support human cognitive performance. The term was codified by Don Nor…
- Cognitive Assessment (Neuropsychological assessment, Cognitive testing)
- Structured evaluation of cognitive abilities — attention, memory, executive function, language, visuospatial processing, and more — using standardized tasks, questionnaires, or interactive assessments…
- Cognitive Decline (Cognitive Deterioration, Cognitive Aging)
- A gradual reduction in cognitive abilities such as memory, attention, language, reasoning, and executive function that may occur as part of normal aging or as a symptom of neurological conditions such…
- Cognitive Demand (Cognitive Complexity, Cognitive Requirements)
- The amount of mental effort, attention, and processing required to use a technology, interface, or system. High cognitive demand in assistive technology interfaces can prevent adoption by users with c…
- Cognitive Disability (Cognitive Impairment, Intellectual and Cognitive Disability)
- A broad category of disabilities affecting cognitive functions such as memory, attention, problem-solving, reading, language comprehension, and executive function. Cognitive disabilities can be develo…
- Cognitive Disability (Cognitive Impairment, Cognitive Disabilities)
- A broad term encompassing conditions that affect cognitive processes such as memory, attention, perception, learning, language, and executive function. Cognitive disabilities include intellectual disa…
- Cognitive Map (Cognitive Mapping)
- An internal mental representation of spatial relationships within an environment, formed through direct experience, exploration, or learning from maps and descriptions. Cognitive maps allow people to …
- Cognitive Orthosis (Cognitive Prosthesis, Cognitive Assistive Device)
- A technology-based device or system designed to compensate for cognitive deficits by supporting functions such as memory, planning, attention, and task sequencing. Analogous to a physical orthosis tha…