Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
6660 terms — page 210 of 333
- Over-rotation (Rotation overshoot, Turn overshoot)
- The phenomenon where a person rotates beyond a target heading angle when following a turn instruction, typically caused by the delay between perceiving a stop signal and physically halting the rotatio…
- Overcompensation (Positive overcorrection, Debiasing overcorrection)
- In the context of AI bias and disability representation, overcompensation (also called positive overcorrection) refers to a failure mode in which a model's debiasing mechanisms over-adjust away from n…
- Overlap Error (Key Overlap Error, Simultaneous Key Press Error)
- A typing error that occurs when two keys are pressed down at the same time, typically when a finger accidentally activates an adjacent key while moving toward the intended key, or when a user's hand r…
- Overlay Detection (Overlay Recognition)
- The process of automatically identifying graphical or textual elements overlaid on top of video content, such as pop-up graphics, watermarks, banners, subtitles, logos, and text annotations. Overlay d…
- Overlay Fact Sheet (Accessibility Overlay Fact Sheet)
- A public document signed by over 600 accessibility experts, lawyers, and contributors to web accessibility guidelines that critically evaluates the claims made by accessibility overlay vendors. The fa…
- Overselectivity (Stimulus Overselectivity, Overselective Attention)
- A learning challenge in which an individual attends to only one or a few features of a stimulus while ignoring other relevant features, resulting in an inability to discriminate between stimuli that s…
- Overshoot (Cursor Overshoot, Target Overshoot)
- In pointing device interaction, the phenomenon where the cursor travels beyond the intended target before the user can stop it, requiring corrective movements back toward the target. Overshoot is meas…
- Overview+Detail (Overview and Detail)
- A visualization interaction paradigm that presents a smaller overview view alongside a larger detail view, letting users navigate the whole while inspecting a part. Common in maps, document readers, a…
- Oxygen Desaturation (Hypoxemia, O2 Desaturation)
- A drop in blood oxygen saturation levels below normal ranges, which can occur during physical exertion in people with chronic respiratory conditions like COPD. Oxygen desaturation during exercise is a…
- P300 (P3, P300 Component, P3b)
- The P300 is an event-related potential (ERP) component — a positive voltage deflection in EEG brain signals that peaks approximately 300 milliseconds after a person perceives a rare or task-relevant s…
- PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, PANAS Scale)
- PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule) is a validated psychological instrument for measuring emotional states, consisting of two 10-item scales measuring positive affect (PA) and negative affec…
- PC-Talker (PCTalker)
- A Windows screen reader developed by the Japanese company KGS Corporation, widely used by blind and low-vision users in Japan. PC-Talker provides speech output for Windows applications and the web and…
- PDF Accessibility (Accessible PDF, PDF A11y)
- The practice of creating PDF documents that can be effectively used by people with disabilities, including those who use screen readers, keyboard navigation, magnification, or other assistive technolo…
- PDF Form (PDF Fillable Form, Interactive PDF Form, AcroForm)
- A PDF document that contains interactive form fields — text boxes, checkboxes, radio buttons, signatures, dropdowns — that users can fill in and submit electronically, rather than a static PDF meant o…
- PDF Remediation (PDF Tagging, PDF Accessibility Remediation, Document Remediation)
- The process of adding structural tags to an existing PDF document to make it accessible to assistive technologies such as screen readers. Remediation involves identifying logical content elements (hea…
- PDF Tagging (Tagged PDF, PDF Tags)
- The process of adding a logical structure tree to a PDF so that assistive technologies can interpret the document's content, reading order, and semantics independently of its visual layout. Tags label…
- PDF/UA (ISO 14289, Universal Accessibility for PDF)
- The international standard (ISO 14289) for accessible PDF documents. PDF/UA defines requirements for PDF content, PDF readers, and assistive technology to ensure accessible interaction with PDF docume…
- PHANTOM (PHANTOM Omni, PHANTOM Desktop, SensAble PHANTOM)
- A family of force-feedback haptic devices originally developed by SensAble Technologies (now part of 3D Systems). PHANTOM devices use a pen-like stylus that users grasp while motors apply forces to cr…
- PICTIVE (Plastic Interface for Collaborative Technology Initiatives through Video Exploration)
- PICTIVE is a participatory paper-prototyping technique introduced by Michael Muller at CHI 1991, in which end users and designers jointly build low-fidelity interface prototypes using pre-cut paper UI…
- PLA Filament (Polylactic Acid Filament, PLA)
- A biodegradable thermoplastic derived from renewable resources like corn starch, commonly used as the default material in consumer-grade 3D printers. PLA is easy to print with, produces minimal warpin…