Literature Reviews

Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.

• Design and Evaluation of an American Sign Language Generator

  Matt Huenerfauth, Liming Zhao, Erdan Gu, Jan Allbeck (2007) — Proceedings of the Workshop on Embodied Language Processing (EmbodiedNLP 2007)

  Huenerfauth, Zhao, Gu, and Allbeck (2007) describe the implementation and user evaluation of a prototype system for generating animations of American Sign Language (ASL) classifier predicates — spatially complex hand movements that trace the location…

  • ASL
  • American Sign Language
  • deaf accessibility
  • sign language
  • sign language animation
  • sign language generation
  • signing avatar
  • virtual human
  • animation
  • classifier predicates
  • non-manual markers
  • eye gaze
  • Signed English
  • transliteration
  • inverse kinematics
  • user-based evaluation
  • evaluation methodology
  • Deaf community
  • computational linguistics
  • natural language generation

• I See What You're Saying: A Literature Review of Eye Tracking Research in Communication of Deaf or Hard of Hearing Users

  Chanchal Agrawal, Roshan L Peiris (2021) — Proceedings of the 23rd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '21)

  This paper presents a comprehensive literature review of 55 eye-tracking studies examining the gaze patterns and communication behaviours of deaf or hard-of-hearing (DHH) individuals. The authors systematically searched ACM, IEEE, Google Scholar, and…

  • deaf and hard of hearing
  • eye tracking
  • eye gaze
  • sign language
  • lip-reading
  • captions
  • attention management
  • visual communication
  • literature review

• Exploring the Usability of Gaze-based Mobile Communication in Ghana

  Victoria Austin, Gifty Ayoka, Giulia Barbareschi, Richard Cave, Catherine Holloway (2025) — ASSETS 2025: 27th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

  This study evaluates the usability of Look to Speak, a free Android-based eye-gaze AAC application developed by Google Creative Lab, for people with severe communication disabilities in Ghana. The research involved training 10 local speech and langua…

  • augmentative communication
  • AAC
  • eye gaze
  • Global South
  • Ghana
  • smartphone accessibility
  • cerebral palsy
  • communication disability
  • assistive technology ecosystem
  • low-resource setting