Glossary

Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.

88 results found in Accessibility Concepts.

Customization (User Customization)
Customization is the practice of allowing users to adapt a system's behaviour, output, or presentation to match their individual goals, preferences, and context. In accessibility, customization is ess…
Data Structure
A way of organizing and storing data in a computer so that it can be accessed and modified efficiently. Common introductory data structures include arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees (such as…
Deafness
A hearing loss profound enough that a person cannot rely on hearing as the primary channel for language and environmental awareness, typically defined audiologically as a loss of 90 decibels or more i…
Decision Confidence
A reframing of accessibility as whether a user can judge product suitability, transaction risk, and information trustworthiness well enough to act independently — introduced by Ryskeldiev et al. (2026…
Design Exclusion (Exclusion Audit, Technology Exclusion)
The process by which certain users are prevented from effectively using a product or service due to mismatches between the design of the technology and their abilities, circumstances, or available res…
Desire Paths (Desire lines)
A term from urban design describing the unofficial trails that pedestrians wear into grass or dirt when built sidewalks do not meet their needs - the visible trace of an infrastructure users have impr…
Dialogue Design (Interaction Dialogue, User Dialogue Design)
Dialogue design in human-computer interaction refers to the structured planning of the conversational exchange between a user and a system, defining how input is accepted, how the system responds, and…
Digital Citizenship
Digital citizenship refers to the capacity to participate fully, safely and recognisably in online and digital public life - having roles, routines and voice in the platforms where shared culture and …
Direct Speech Access (Speech-Enabling)
An approach to providing speech output where applications generate spoken feedback directly from their semantic context, as opposed to the traditional screen-reading approach where an external program…
Dual User Interface (Dual Interface, Concurrent Accessible Interface)
An interface design approach in which two distinct, purpose-built user interfaces are provided simultaneously for different user groups — typically one visual interface for sighted users and one non-v…
Embodied Knowledge (Embodied expertise, Lived knowledge)
Knowledge that is grounded in bodily experience rather than externally observable behaviour or abstract rule - the kind of knowing a person who stutters has about the tension before a block, a blind p…
End-User Programming (EUP, End-User Development, EUD)
A design approach that enables people without formal programming training to create, modify, or combine software behaviors to suit their own needs. Typical end-user programming systems expose computat…
Environmental Sound (Ambient Sound, Non-Speech Audio)
Any auditory information in a person's surroundings that is not speech, including sounds from appliances, alarms, animals, doorbells, traffic, weather, and other environmental sources. For deaf and ha…
Execution Gap (Gulf of Execution)
From Don Norman's model of human-computer interaction, the distance between a user's goals and the physical actions required to achieve them using a given system. A system with a wide execution gap fo…
Failure Mode (Accessibility failure mode)
In accessibility evaluation, any hindrance caused by a product or web site that prevents a user with a disability from achieving a goal with the same effectiveness, efficiency or safety as a non-disab…
Fragile Learning Continuity
A framework proposed by Bhuiyan et al. (2026) to describe how accessibility in low-resource Deaf education depends not on any single feature — visibility, sign clarity, vocabulary, or connectivity — b…
Human-Centered Computing (Human-Centred Computing, People-Centered Computing)
Human-centered computing is an approach to technology design and development that places human needs, capabilities, and experiences at the center of the design process. It emphasizes understanding the…
Inclusive Learning (Inclusive Education Design, Accessible Learning)
An educational approach that ensures all learners, including those with disabilities, can fully participate in and benefit from learning activities and materials. Inclusive learning involves designing…
Intermedia (Intermedia Representation)
Intermedia refers to a framework for information representation that supports diverse, adaptable, and flexible presentation modes, allowing the same content to be accessed through multiple alternative…
Latency (Delay, Lag, Response Time)
The time delay between when an event occurs and when its accessible representation is delivered to the user. In real-time captioning, latency is the gap between spoken words and their appearance as te…