Glossary

Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.

899 results found in Assistive Technology.

Non-visual Display (Nonvisual Display, Non-visual Interface)
A non-visual display presents information to a user through senses other than vision — most commonly hearing (synthesized speech, earcons, sonification), touch (Braille output, vibrotactile patterns, …
Nontraditional Assistive Technologies (NTATs, Nontraditional Input Technologies)
Input technologies that use physiological signals rather than physical movement to control computers, providing access for people who cannot use traditional devices like keyboards, mice, or even eye-t…
Nonvisual Access (Non-Visual Access, Nonvisual Web Access, Non-Visual Web Access)
The use of digital content, particularly web pages and applications, through means other than sight. Nonvisual access typically involves screen readers that convert text to speech, braille displays th…
Nonvisual Programming (Non-Visual Programming, Blind Programming)
The practice of writing, navigating, debugging, and managing software code without relying on visual display, typically using screen readers, braille displays, and audio cues. Nonvisual programmers fa…
Note-Taking Accommodation (Note-Taker Service, Classroom Note-Taking Support)
An educational accommodation that provides students with disabilities access to lecture content they cannot capture independently. Traditional note-taking accommodations include human note-takers (pee…
Notification Fatigue (Alert Fatigue, Information Overload)
Notification fatigue is a state in which users become desensitized to or overwhelmed by frequent alerts, notifications, or information delivery from a device or system, causing them to ignore or tune …
Novint Falcon
A consumer-grade 3D haptic input device originally marketed for gaming that has been widely adopted in accessibility research for providing force feedback to people with visual impairments. The device…
OCR (Optical Character Recognition) (OCR, Optical Character Recognition, Text Recognition)
A computer-vision technology that converts images of printed, handwritten, or on-screen text into machine-readable character data. OCR is foundational to a wide range of accessibility tools: extractin…
Object recognition (Object detection, Image classification)
A computer vision task in which a system identifies and labels objects within images or video, often using deep learning models trained on large datasets. For blind and low-vision users, object recogn…
Occupational Therapist (OT, Occupational Therapy)
An occupational therapist is a licensed healthcare professional who helps people participate in the 'occupations' of daily life — self-care, work, school, leisure, and community roles — through therap…
Occupational therapy (OT)
A healthcare profession focused on enabling people to participate in meaningful daily activities ("occupations") despite physical, cognitive, sensory, or psychosocial challenges. Occupational therapis…
Off-Screen Model (OSM, Virtual Buffer)
A data structure maintained by screen readers that represents the content and structure of the visual display in a form that can be navigated non-visually. Traditional screen readers intercept system …
Omnidirectional wheelchair (Holonomic wheelchair)
An electric wheelchair capable of moving in any direction — forward, backward, sideways, and diagonally — as well as rotating in place, typically using Mecanum wheels or similar omnidirectional drive …
On-Body Interaction (Body-centric interaction, Skin input, On-body input)
An interaction paradigm that uses the surface of the user's own body as an input medium, typically through gestures like taps, swipes, or touches on the skin. On-body interaction leverages tactile and…
Online Braille (Web Braille, Digital Braille, Electronic Braille)
Online Braille refers to Braille content that is generated, distributed, or accessed through the Internet or digital platforms, as opposed to traditional embossed paper Braille. This includes web-base…
Open Sound Control (OSC)
An open, network-based protocol for communication between computers, sound synthesizers, and other multimedia devices, developed by Matthew Wright and Adrian Freed (1997). OSC sends human-readable add…
Open-Vocabulary Detection (Open-Vocabulary Object Detection, OVD)
A class of computer vision object detection models that accept arbitrary text queries at inference time rather than being restricted to a fixed set of pre-trained classes. Instead of only recognizing,…
OpenSCAD
An open-source, code-based 3-D computer-aided design (CAD) application that uses a scripting language to define 3-D models through constructive solid geometry operations. Unlike visual modeling tools,…
Optical Braille Recognition (OBR)
A technology that uses cameras or optical sensors to detect and interpret embossed Braille characters, converting them into digital text. Optical Braille recognition works by capturing images of Brail…
Optical Flow
A computer vision method that estimates the apparent motion of objects between consecutive video frames by tracking pixel displacement patterns. Optical flow calculates velocity vectors showing moveme…