Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
6660 terms — page 113 of 333
- Environmental Sound (Ambient Sound, Non-Speech Audio)
- Any auditory information in a person's surroundings that is not speech, including sounds from appliances, alarms, animals, doorbells, traffic, weather, and other environmental sources. For deaf and ha…
- Envision AI (Envision)
- An AI-powered visual assistance technology available as a smartphone app and as smart glasses that provides scene descriptions, text reading, and object identification for blind and low vision users. …
- Epilepsy (Seizure Disorder)
- A chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Epilepsy affects roughly 1% of the population globally and spans a…
- Episodic Disability
- A disability characterized by periods of illness or impairment interspersed with periods of wellness or relative health. Unlike fluctuating disability where severity varies continuously, episodic disa…
- Episodic Memory (Autobiographical Memory, Personal Experience Memory)
- The memory of specific personal experiences and events, including details about what happened, where and when it occurred, and the emotions associated with it. Episodic memory allows people to mentall…
- Episodic Productivity (Nonlinear Productivity, Burst Productivity)
- A work pattern characterized by fluctuating cycles of high and low engagement rather than consistent, steady output. Common among people with ADHD and other neurodivergent conditions, episodic product…
- Epistemic Barrier (Knowledge Barrier, Epistemic Divide)
- A barrier to collaboration or understanding that arises from fundamental differences in knowledge systems, expertise, values, and ways of knowing between groups. In the context of sign language AI dev…
- Epistemic Contingency
- A concept from disability studies scholar Rod Michalko describing the start of acquiring a visual disability as an ongoing negotiation of ways of knowing. Blind epistemology — ways of knowing as a bli…
- Epistemic Injustice (Knowledge Injustice)
- A form of injustice that occurs when someone is wronged in their capacity as a knower — either by having their testimony dismissed or undervalued (testimonial injustice) or by lacking the conceptual r…
- Epistemic Violence (Epistemic Injustice)
- The systematic marginalization, dismissal, or overriding of certain groups' knowledge, experiences, and ways of understanding the world. In disability contexts, epistemic violence occurs when non-disa…
- Equal Error Rate (EER, Crossover Error Rate)
- A metric used to evaluate biometric system performance, representing the point at which the false acceptance rate (wrongly accepting unauthorized users) equals the false rejection rate (wrongly reject…
- Equaliser (EQ, Equalizer)
- An audio processing tool used in music production and sound engineering that adjusts the frequency content of an audio signal by boosting or cutting specific frequency ranges. Equalisers are controlle…
- Equality Act (Equality Act 2010, UK Equality Act)
- UK legislation that consolidates and strengthens anti-discrimination law across nine protected characteristics including disability. The Act prohibits direct and indirect discrimination in services, p…
- Equalization (EQ, Audio Equalization, Adaptive Equalization)
- The process of adjusting the balance of frequency components in an audio signal by boosting or attenuating specific frequency bands. In accessibility contexts, adaptive equalization can be used to com…
- Ergonomic Keyboard (Ergonomic Input Device)
- A keyboard designed to reduce physical stress, strain, and injury risk during typing by conforming to the natural posture and biomechanics of the hands, wrists, and arms. Ergonomic keyboard designs in…
- Ergonomics (Human factors engineering)
- The scientific discipline concerned with understanding interactions between humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data, and methods to design in or…
- Error Profile (Accessibility Error Profile, Violation Profile)
- An error profile is a structured summary of the accessibility issues detected on a page, typically represented as a numeric vector with one component per checkpoint or rule — counts of violations, bin…
- Error Recovery (Error Correction, Error Handling)
- The process and mechanisms by which users can identify, understand, and correct errors that occur during interaction with a system. In accessibility contexts, error recovery is particularly important …
- Error Taxonomy (Error Classification, Error Typology)
- A systematic classification of the types of errors that users or learners commonly make, organised into categories based on the nature, source, or linguistic level of the error. In accessibility and e…
- Error Tolerance (Error Prevention, Forgiveness)
- A design principle requiring that systems anticipate, prevent, and gracefully handle user errors. In accessible design, error tolerance means providing clear validation messages, allowing users to und…