Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
6660 terms — page 145 of 333
- Human Infrastructure
- A concept from ICT4D (Information and Communication Technologies for Development) research describing the complex web of people, social relationships, environments, and aspirations that shapes how tec…
- Human Intelligence Task (HIT)
- A unit of work on a crowdsourcing platform, particularly Amazon Mechanical Turk, that requires human judgment to complete. HITs typically involve tasks that are difficult for computers but straightfor…
- Human Interaction Proof (HIP, Human Interactive Proof)
- A challenge-response test designed to distinguish human users from automated software (bots). Human Interaction Proofs are the technical term for CAPTCHAs and similar verification systems. While effec…
- Human Interface Device (HID, Input Device, Peripheral)
- Any device used to facilitate interaction between a human and a computer, including keyboards, mice, trackballs, joysticks, touchscreens, switches, and eye-tracking systems. The USB HID standard defin…
- Human Machine Interface (HMI, Human-Computer Interface)
- The point of interaction between a human user and a machine, encompassing all hardware and software through which users control and receive feedback from a system. In accessible design, HMIs must supp…
- Human Rights Model of Disability (Rights-Based Model of Disability)
- A framework for understanding disability that builds on and extends the social model by emphasising the inherent dignity and rights of people with disabilities. Grounded in the UN Convention on the Ri…
- Human-AI Alignment (AI Alignment, Value Alignment)
- The design and training of AI systems to exhibit behaviours consistent with human values, intentions, and goals. In accessibility, human-AI alignment requires that AI systems accurately represent and …
- Human-AI Co-Creation (Human-AI Co-Creative, Co-Creative AI, Mixed-Initiative Co-Creation)
- Human-AI co-creation refers to creative work in which a person and an AI system iteratively contribute to the same artifact, with each shaping the other's next move rather than the AI acting as a one-…
- Human-AI Collaboration (Human-AI Teaming, AI-Assisted Authoring)
- An interaction paradigm where humans and artificial intelligence systems work together, each contributing their complementary strengths to achieve outcomes neither could produce as effectively alone. …
- Human-AI Interaction (HAI, Human-AI Collaboration, AI Interaction Design)
- The study and design of how people interact with artificial intelligence systems, including how AI communicates its outputs, uncertainty, and limitations to users. Key principles include making AI beh…
- Human-Centered AI (HCAI, Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence, HCXAI, Human-Centered Explainable AI)
- Human-Centered AI (HCAI) is a design and research orientation that places human experience, context, agency, and values at the center of how AI systems are built and evaluated, rather than optimizing …
- Human-Centered Computing (Human-Centred Computing, People-Centered Computing)
- Human-centered computing is an approach to technology design and development that places human needs, capabilities, and experiences at the center of the design process. It emphasizes understanding the…
- Human-Centered Design (HCD, User-Centered Design, UCD)
- A design approach that prioritizes the needs, capabilities, and experiences of end users throughout the design process. Popularized by IDEO and formalized in ISO 9241-210, human-centered design involv…
- Human-Centered Threat Modeling
- A methodology borrowed from security and privacy research that identifies the people and institutions who intend to cause harm to a specific population, the threats they pose, and the defensive strate…
- Human-Machine Interface (HMI, Human-Computer Interface)
- The point of interaction between a human user and a machine, system, or device, encompassing the hardware and software through which users communicate with and control technology. In the context of ac…
- Human-Nature Interaction (HNI)
- A research area within human-computer interaction concerned with how people perceive, access, and engage with natural environments, and how technology can mediate that relationship. HNI draws on envir…
- Human-Powered Accessibility (Human Computation for Accessibility, Crowd-Powered Assistive Technology)
- An approach to assistive technology that uses remote human workers — whether paid crowdworkers, volunteers, or trained agents — to provide accessibility services that automated systems cannot yet deli…
- Human-Robot Interaction (HRI)
- The interdisciplinary field studying how humans and robots communicate, collaborate, and coexist. In accessibility contexts, HRI research explores how robots can be designed to support people with dis…
- Human-Vehicle Interaction (HVI, Vehicle-pedestrian interaction)
- The field studying how people communicate, negotiate, and coordinate with vehicles and their occupants — including drivers, passengers, and, increasingly, automated systems. Human-vehicle interaction …
- Human-computer interaction (HCI, Human-machine interaction)
- The interdisciplinary study of the design, evaluation, and use of interactive computing systems by humans, drawing on computer science, psychology, design, and social science. HCI research encompasses…