Literature Reviews

Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.

• Understanding and Improving Drilled-Down Information Extraction from Online Data Visualizations for Screen-Reader Users

  Ather Sharif, Olivia H. Wang, Alida T. Muongchan, Katharina Reinecke, Jacob O. Wobbrock (2023) — Proceedings of the 20th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This full research paper presents a comprehensive investigation into how screen-reader users (SRUs) extract drilled-down information from online data visualizations, and how the VoxLens tool can be improved to support this process. While prior work o…

  • screen readers
  • data visualization
  • voice interface
  • information extraction
  • natural language processing
  • assistive technology
  • data sonification
  • user study

• Cognitive Accessibility of Digital Payments: A Literature Review

  Jiamin Dai, John Miedema, Sebastian Hernandez, Alexandra Sutton-Lalani, Karyn Moffatt (2023) — Proceedings of the 20th International Web for All Conference (W4A '23)

  This literature review examines 30 scholarly publications (2012-2022) to characterize the cognitive accessibility challenges and design strategies for digital payments, focusing on the experiences of older adults and people with neurodiverse needs in…

  • cognitive accessibility
  • financial technology
  • digital payments
  • banking accessibility
  • older adults
  • neurodiversity
  • dementia
  • intellectual disability
  • mental health
  • digital inclusion
  • CBDC
  • literature review
  • cryptocurrency accessibility

• Towards Optimised Population Sourcing for Web Accessibility Evaluation

  Alexander Hambley (2023) — Proceedings of the 20th International Web for All Conference (W4A '23)

  This doctoral consortium extended abstract presents a PhD project proposing a novel framework and prototypical tool for optimising web accessibility evaluation through statistically representative page sampling. The work is the single-author companio…

  • automated accessibility testing
  • web accessibility
  • accessibility evaluation
  • web crawling
  • machine learning
  • WCAG compliance
  • accessibility standards
  • large-scale analysis

• Bring Environments to People – A Case Study of Virtual Tours in Accessibility Assessment for People with Limited Mobility

  Hao-Yun Chi, Jingzhen Sha, Yang Zhang (2023) — Proceedings of the 20th International Web for All Conference (W4A '23)

  This study presents the first user research with people with limited mobility on using virtual tours — 3D digital replicas of physical environments captured with 360-degree cameras and depth sensors — to remotely assess the accessibility of indoor sp…

  • physical accessibility
  • wheelchair users
  • virtual reality
  • accessible housing
  • mobility impairments
  • independent living
  • built environment
  • assistive technology
  • spinal cord injury
  • user study

• OPTIMAL-EM: Optimised Population Sourcing for Web Accessibility Evaluation

  Alexander Hambley, Yeliz Yesilada, Markel Vigo, Simon Harper (2023) — Proceedings of the 20th International Web for All Conference (W4A '23)

  This extended abstract presents OPTIMAL-EM, a prototypical tool and framework designed to optimise the web accessibility evaluation process by systematically selecting representative pages from a website for auditing. Currently, accessibility evaluat…

  • automated accessibility testing
  • web accessibility
  • accessibility evaluation
  • web crawling
  • machine learning
  • WCAG compliance
  • accessibility standards
  • large-scale analysis

• Accessibility Metatesting: Comparing Nine Testing Tools

  Jonathan Robert Pool (2023) — Proceedings of the 20th International Web for All Conference (W4A '23)

  This short paper presents a systematic empirical comparison of nine automated web accessibility testing tools that are amenable to integration into multi-tool testing regimes (free or nearly free, controllable via APIs or NPM packages, and comprehens…

  • automated accessibility testing
  • web accessibility
  • accessibility testing
  • accessibility evaluation
  • WCAG compliance
  • developer tools
  • accessibility violations
  • tools

• "I stepped into a puddle": Non-Visual Texting in Nomadic Contexts

  Pegah Karimi, Erin Brady, Aqueasha Martin-Hammond, Davide Bolchini (2023) — Proceedings of the 20th International Web for All Conference (W4A '23)

  This study investigates the under-explored practice of texting by people who are blind and visually impaired (BVI) while navigating outdoors — what the authors term "nomadic contexts." While previous research has examined accessible text entry method…

  • blind and low vision
  • text entry
  • mobile accessibility
  • navigation
  • assistive technology
  • touchscreen accessibility
  • VoiceOver
  • speech recognition
  • situational awareness
  • public transportation
  • independent living

• Who is speaking: Unpacking In-text Speaker Identification Preference of Viewers who are Deaf and Hard of Hearing while Watching Live Captioned Television Program

  Akhter Al Amin, Joseph Mendis, Raja Kushalnagar, Christian Vogler, Matt Huenerfauth (2023) — Proceedings of the 20th International Web for All Conference (W4A '23)

  This study systematically investigates how the number of speakers onscreen in live television programs affects Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) viewers' preferences for different in-text speaker identification methods in captions. Live TV news and inte…

  • deaf and hard of hearing
  • captioning
  • live captioning
  • television accessibility
  • caption quality
  • caption customization
  • media accessibility
  • user preferences
  • Deaf community

• On the independent and sustainable mobility of people with visual impairments

  Gabriele Galimberti (2023) — Proceedings of the 20th International Web for All Conference (W4A '23)

  This doctoral consortium extended abstract outlines a research project investigating the factors that enable or hinder independent mobility for people with blindness or visual impairments (BVI), with a particular focus on the link between mobility au…

  • visual impairment
  • blind and low vision
  • independent living
  • public transportation
  • navigation
  • mobile accessibility
  • assistive technology
  • orientation and mobility
  • urban accessibility
  • navigation assistance

• Understanding and Improving Drilled-Down Information Extraction from Online Data Visualizations for Screen-Reader Users

  Ather Sharif, Andrew M. Zhang, Katharina Reinecke, Jacob O. Wobbrock (2023) — Proceedings of the 20th International Web for All Conference (W4A '23)

  This extended abstract presents enhancements to VoxLens, an open-source JavaScript plug-in that improves the accessibility of online data visualizations for screen-reader users (SRUs) through a multimodal approach. Over 7.6 million people in the Unit…

  • screen readers
  • data visualization accessibility
  • alternative text
  • sonification
  • blind and low vision
  • web accessibility
  • non-visual interaction
  • information retrieval
  • accessible maps