Glossary

Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.

122 results found in Inclusive Design.

Handicapping (Handicap System, Player Balancing)
A mechanism that asymmetrically adjusts game or contest conditions so competitors of differing ability have more equal chances to win or participate meaningfully. Long established in sports such as go…
Human-AI Co-Creation (Human-AI Co-Creative, Co-Creative AI, Mixed-Initiative Co-Creation)
Human-AI co-creation refers to creative work in which a person and an AI system iteratively contribute to the same artifact, with each shaping the other's next move rather than the AI acting as a one-…
Human-Centered AI (HCAI, Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence, HCXAI, Human-Centered Explainable AI)
Human-Centered AI (HCAI) is a design and research orientation that places human experience, context, agency, and values at the center of how AI systems are built and evaluated, rather than optimizing …
Human-Centered Computing (Human-Centred Computing, People-Centered Computing)
Human-centered computing is an approach to technology design and development that places human needs, capabilities, and experiences at the center of the design process. It emphasizes understanding the…
Human-Machine Interface (HMI, Human-Computer Interface)
The point of interaction between a human user and a machine, system, or device, encompassing the hardware and software through which users communicate with and control technology. In the context of ac…
Image-Based Interface (Photo-Based Interface, Picture-Based Interface)
A user interface design approach that uses photographs, icons, or other visual images as the primary means of interaction and identification, minimizing or eliminating the need for text. Image-based i…
Inclusive Design (Inclusive Design Methodology)
A design methodology that considers the full range of human diversity from the outset of the design process, including ability, language, culture, gender, and age. Inclusive design differs from access…
Inclusive Esports (Accessible Esports)
A framing of competitive gaming that enables players with and without disabilities to compete on common terms — through universal input modalities (e.g., EMG, motion sensing, eye tracking), accessible…
Inclusive Learning (Inclusive Education Design, Accessible Learning)
An educational approach that ensures all learners, including those with disabilities, can fully participate in and benefit from learning activities and materials. Inclusive learning involves designing…
Inclusive Privacy (Accessible Privacy, Privacy and Accessibility)
An emerging field of research and practice focused on designing security and privacy mechanisms that are inclusive of people with diverse characteristics, abilities, needs, and values — particularly p…
Inclusive Thinking
A design and problem-solving mindset that treats the needs of people with diverse abilities as a core consideration from the outset of a project, rather than as an afterthought or accommodation added …
Infrastructuring for Access
A design approach introduced by Wang and Marie (CHI 2026) that combines HCI's infrastructuring theory with Disability Studies and Repair Studies. Rather than focusing on removing barriers or accommoda…
Intellectual Disability (ID, Learning Disability (UK), Cognitive Disability, Developmental Disability)
A condition characterized by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning (reasoning, learning, problem-solving) and adaptive behavior (conceptual, social, and practical skills) that origi…
Interaction Framing (Narrative Framing, Framing (Interaction Design))
Interaction framing refers to the way a system positions the user's role and the meaning of their input, independent of the underlying mechanics. The same choice can be framed as completing a task ("s…
Interest-Based Personalisation (Interest-Based Customization, Special Interest Embedding)
A software design strategy in which content, visuals, or activities are customised to reflect a user's personal interests or preferences in order to increase engagement and motivation. In the context …
Interface Personalisation (Interface Personalization, UI Personalisation, Adaptive Interface)
The ability for users to configure and customise the user interface of a digital system to match their individual needs, preferences, and abilities. In accessibility contexts, interface personalisatio…
Intergroup Contact Theory (ICT, Contact Hypothesis)
A social-psychology theory, originating with Gordon Allport's 1954 contact hypothesis and elaborated by Pettigrew, Tropp, and others, which holds that positive, meaningful interaction between members …
Learning Design (IMS Learning Design, IMS LD)
A specification from IMS Global Learning Consortium (based on the Educational Modeling Language) that provides a framework for describing the structure and sequence of learning activities, roles, and …
Loosely Coupled Interaction (Loosely Coupled Dual Interaction)
An interaction architecture in which two or more user interfaces share the same underlying content and data but operate independently through separate, non-overlapping input and output modalities. In …
Low-Barrier Access (Low-Barrier Technology)
Technology or services designed to minimize obstacles to initial use, including cost, setup complexity, training requirements, and technical prerequisites. Low-barrier access is particularly important…