Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
6660 terms — page 119 of 333
- Facial Avatar (Singing head, Talking head avatar)
- A digital, animated representation of a face — typically rendered as a 3D or stylized 2D character from the neck up — driven by audio, video, or data signals to produce expressive facial behavior such…
- Facial Expression
- The use of facial muscles to convey emotions, reactions, or linguistic meaning. In sign languages such as ASL, facial expressions serve a grammatical function far beyond conveying emotion — they mark …
- Facial Expression Analysis (Automated Facial Expression Analysis, Facial Coding, AFEA)
- The automated classification of a person's facial movements into discrete emotion categories (happy, angry, neutral, surprised, etc.) using computer vision. In hiring, facial expression analysis is em…
- Facial Expression Recognition (FER, Facial Action Recognition)
- Computer vision technology that detects and classifies facial expressions from images or video. In sign language contexts, facial expression recognition is essential for capturing non-manual signs — t…
- Facial Expressions in Sign Language (Non-Manual Markers, Non-Manual Signals, NMMs)
- Meaningful facial movements and configurations that serve grammatical, lexical, and affective functions in sign languages. In American Sign Language, facial expressions are not merely emotional indica…
- Facial Gesture Recognition (Face Tracking, Facial Expression Recognition)
- Technology that uses cameras and computer vision algorithms to detect and interpret facial movements and expressions in real time. For accessibility, facial gestures such as opening the mouth, raising…
- Facial Palsy (Bell's Palsy, Facial Paralysis, Unilateral Facial Palsy, UFP)
- Facial palsy is a condition involving weakness or paralysis of the facial muscles, typically caused by damage to the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII). Bell's palsy is the most common form, appearing s…
- Facial Recognition (Face Recognition, FR)
- Facial recognition is a computer vision technology that identifies or verifies a person by analyzing and comparing patterns in their facial features from digital images or video. In accessibility cont…
- Facilitated Communication (FC, Supported Typing)
- A technique in which a facilitator provides physical support to a person with a communication disability — typically by holding or steadying the person's hand, arm, or wrist — as they point to letters…
- Failure Mode (Accessibility failure mode)
- In accessibility evaluation, any hindrance caused by a product or web site that prevents a user with a disability from achieving a goal with the same effectiveness, efficiency or safety as a non-disab…
- Failure Point Barrier (Failure Point)
- A type of access barrier where a task is completely impossible without assistive technology or support. Failure point barriers represent the most severe form of inaccessibility—without the necessary t…
- Failure Rate (FR (accessibility metric))
- An accessibility metric introduced by Sullivan and Matson (2000) that, for a given page and a given checkpoint, divides the number of checkpoint violations found by the maximum number of violations th…
- Fair Compensation (Equitable Compensation, Research Compensation)
- The practice of providing adequate and equitable payment to research participants for their time, expertise, and contributions. In accessibility research, fair compensation is particularly important b…
- Fall Detection (Automatic Fall Detection, Fall Alert System)
- Technology that automatically identifies when a person has fallen and triggers an alert or emergency response. Fall detection systems typically use sensors such as accelerometers and gyroscopes in wea…
- Fall Prevention (Fall Risk Reduction, Falls Prevention)
- Strategies, interventions, and technologies designed to reduce the risk of falls, particularly among older adults and people with mobility or balance impairments. Falls are a leading cause of injury, …
- False Activation (Accidental Activation, Unintended Gesture)
- An interaction error in gesture-based systems where the system incorrectly interprets a user's resting hand position or unintentional movement as a deliberate input command. In virtual reality, false …
- False Flagging (Malicious Flagging, Coordinated Flagging)
- False flagging refers to the submission of content reports on social media platforms made in bad faith — that is, flagging posts that do not actually violate platform guidelines in order to suppress, …
- False Negative (Type II Error)
- An error in which a system fails to identify something that is actually present or true. In privacy and obfuscation contexts, a false negative occurs when an AI system fails to detect private content …
- False Positive (Type I Error)
- An error in which a system incorrectly identifies something as present or true when it is not. In privacy and obfuscation contexts, a false positive occurs when an AI system incorrectly flags non-priv…
- Family-Centered Learning (Family-Centered Education)
- An educational approach that actively involves family members in the learning process, recognizing that home environments and family participation significantly impact learning outcomes, often more th…