Glossary

Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.

6660 terms — page 29 of 333

Asynchronous Control (Self-Paced Control, Asynchronous BCI)
A mode of interaction with a computer or assistive device where the user can issue commands at any time of their choosing, rather than being constrained to respond within system-defined time windows. …
Asynchronous Learning (Asynchronous Instruction)
A mode of education in which learners engage with instructional content on their own schedule rather than in real time with an instructor, typically via pre-recorded videos, written materials, or inte…
At-Risk Populations (Vulnerable Populations)
Groups that are more likely to experience harm from digital attacks, surveillance, institutional discrimination, or other threats, and are disproportionately affected when such harms occur. Originally…
Ataxia (Cerebellar Ataxia)
A neurological condition characterized by impaired coordination and control of voluntary movements, typically caused by damage to the cerebellum or its connections. People with ataxia may experience u…
Ataxia-Telangiectasia (A-T, Louis-Bar Syndrome)
A rare, inherited, progressive neurological disorder that typically appears in early childhood and causes increasing difficulties with movement, coordination, and immune function. Children with A-T us…
Athetoid (Athetosis, Athetoid Movement)
A type of involuntary movement characterised by slow, continuous, writhing motions, particularly affecting the hands, fingers, and face. Athetoid movements are commonly associated with athetoid cerebr…
Athetoid Cerebral Palsy (dyskinetic cerebral palsy, athetosis)
A type of cerebral palsy characterized by involuntary, slow, writhing movements (athetosis) that affect the face, trunk, and limbs. It accounts for about 10-15% of cerebral palsy cases and results fro…
Athetoid Cerebral Palsy (Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy, Athetosis)
A form of cerebral palsy characterized by involuntary, uncontrolled, slow writhing movements, particularly affecting the hands, feet, arms, and legs, and sometimes the muscles of the face and tongue. …
Athetosis (Athetoid movements)
A movement disorder characterized by slow, involuntary, writhing movements, particularly affecting the hands, feet, and face. Athetosis is one form of dyskinetic cerebral palsy and results from damage…
Atomic Facts (Atomic Claims)
Self-contained units of information extracted from longer text, each representing a single verifiable claim or observation. In AI reliability research, decomposing model responses into atomic facts en…
Attention (Attentional processing, Selective attention)
The cognitive process of selectively focusing on relevant stimuli while filtering out competing information. Cognitive neuroscience typically decomposes attention into three networks: alerting (mainta…
Attention Capture Pattern (Attention Capture, Attention Grabbing Design)
A design element on a website intentionally crafted to draw users' attention toward content that serves the site's interests rather than the user's goals. Examples include bright promotional banners, …
Attention Deficit (Attention Deficit Disorder, ADD, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, ADHD)
A cognitive condition characterised by difficulty sustaining focus, filtering distractions, and maintaining concentration on tasks. Attention deficits are common following traumatic brain injuries and…
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interfere with functioning and development. ADHD affects approximately 7.6% of ch…
Attention Management (Attention Design)
Design strategies and techniques that help users direct, maintain, and recover attention while interacting with digital content. For users with ADHD, attention management in interface design includes …
Attention Mechanism (Attention)
A technique in neural networks that allows models to focus on relevant parts of the input when generating each part of the output, rather than relying solely on a fixed-length context vector. In seque…
Attention Network Test (ANT, ANT-I, ANT-Child)
A computer-administered cognitive task developed by Fan, Posner, and colleagues that measures three functionally distinct attention networks — alerting (sustained readiness), orienting (shifting atten…
Attention Restoration (Attention Restoration Theory, ART)
A theoretical framework proposing that directed attention is a finite cognitive resource that becomes depleted through effortful focus and is restored through exposure to environments or activities th…
Attention Tunneling (Visual Tunneling, Attentional Tunneling, Cognitive Tunneling)
A phenomenon in which a user concentrates so narrowly on a primary information source - typically a visual overlay, head-up display, or instrument - that they fail to notice relevant events, objects, …
AuDHD (Autism and ADHD co-occurrence)
A term used by the neurodivergent community to describe the co-occurrence of autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in the same individual. Research suggests significant…