Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
6660 terms — page 219 of 333
- Personal Object Recognizer (Teachable Object Recognizer, Custom Object Classifier)
- A computer vision system that allows individual users to train their own object recognition models by providing a small number of example photos and custom labels. Unlike generic object recognizers th…
- Personal Safety Management (PSM)
- Personal Safety Management refers to the informed, agential, and proactive participation of an individual in maintaining their own physical safety. Coined in accessibility research by Branham et al. (…
- Personal Space (Interpersonal Distance, Personal Distance Zone)
- The invisible boundary surrounding a person that they consider their own territory, the violation of which can cause discomfort or stress. Research by Edward T. Hall defined four distance zones: intim…
- Personal Voice (Voice Banking, AI Voice Clone)
- A technology that creates a synthetic replica of a person's voice from recorded speech samples, enabling text-to-speech output that sounds like the individual rather than a generic electronic voice. A…
- Personal emergency response system (PERS, PER system, Medical alert system, Life alert)
- A device, typically a wearable pendant or wristband with a button, that allows a person to summon help in an emergency. Despite being the mainstream solution for older adults living alone, PERS device…
- Personal-Scale Manufacturing (Desktop Manufacturing, Personal Fabrication)
- The use of affordable, accessible manufacturing tools such as 3D printers, laser cutters, and CNC machines by individuals or small groups to produce custom physical objects, as opposed to relying on i…
- Personality Test (Personality Inventory, Personality Assessment)
- A psychometric instrument that attempts to quantify traits such as conscientiousness, extraversion, emotional stability, or risk tolerance. Personality tests were introduced in industry during and aft…
- Personalization (User Personalization, Interface Personalization)
- The adaptation of digital content, interfaces, or experiences to individual user preferences, needs, and contexts. In accessibility, personalization is essential because people with the same type of d…
- Personalization Semantics (WAI-Adapt)
- A W3C specification that defines standardized semantics enabling content to be adapted to individual user needs and preferences. Personalization Semantics allows web authors to add metadata attributes…
- Personalized Accessibility (Personalized Web Accessibility, User-Tailored Accessibility)
- An approach to accessibility evaluation and design that considers the specific disability profile, capabilities, and needs of individual users rather than treating accessibility as a single universal …
- Personalized Dynamic Accessibility (Dynamic Accessibility, Adaptive Accessibility)
- An approach to accessibility where systems automatically detect user abilities and adapt interface settings in real-time to match current needs. Unlike static accessibility settings that remain consta…
- Personalized Learning (Adaptive Learning, Individualized Instruction, Differentiated Instruction)
- Personalized learning is an educational approach that tailors content, pace, and delivery method to each learner's individual needs, preferences, and abilities. In accessibility contexts, personalizat…
- Personalized Object Recognition (Teachable Object Recognition)
- A class of computer vision systems that allow an individual user — typically someone who is blind or has low vision — to train their device to recognize a small set of personally relevant objects (a s…
- Personalized accessibility (Customizable accessibility, Adaptive accessibility)
- An approach to accessibility that allows users to configure assistive features according to their individual needs, preferences, and abilities rather than providing a single fixed accommodation. Perso…
- Personally Identifiable Information (PII)
- Any data that can be used to identify a specific individual, such as name, email address, location, biometric data, or device identifiers. For assistive technology users, PII concerns are heightened b…
- Personally Identifying Information (PII, Personal Data, Personally Identifiable Information)
- Any data that can be used to identify a specific individual, including names, addresses, photographs, financial details, and biometric data. In accessibility contexts, PII is a significant concern whe…
- Personhood
- The recognition of a human being as a full person with agency, dignity, self-expression, and moral standing, irrespective of cognitive, physical, or communicative impairments. In dementia care and acc…
- Perspective-taking (Cognitive empathy, Theory of mind)
- The cognitive ability to understand and consider another person's thoughts, feelings, beliefs, and point of view. In accessibility and neurodiversity contexts, perspective-taking is central to the dou…
- Persuasive Technology (Behaviour Change Technology, Behavior Change Technology)
- Technology designed to change users' attitudes or behaviours through persuasion and social influence rather than coercion. In health and wellness contexts, persuasive technologies use strategies such …
- Persuasive Technology (Captology, Behavior Change Technology)
- Interactive computing systems designed to change users' attitudes or behaviors through persuasion rather than coercion. Common persuasive techniques include goal-setting, self-monitoring, rewards, rem…