Literature Reviews
Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.
94 results found tagged sign language.
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LaboSignes: an Interactive French Sign Language Recognition Interface
LaboSignes is a web-based interactive French Sign Language (LSF) recognition system aimed at search-by-sign, addressing the fact that most online resources, including bilingual dictionaries and news sites, are navigable only through written French, w…
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"We need a vision first": Speculating Deaf-Centered Immersive Classrooms
Huffman and colleagues at Gallaudet University present an all-Deaf-authored speculative design study that asks not how extended-reality (XR) classrooms can be retrofitted for Deaf students, but what XR classrooms should look like when Deaf teachers l…
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Social Play Between Deaf and Hard of Hearing Children and Hearing Peers: Learning from Children and School Ecosystems
This CHI 2026 paper investigates how Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) children and their hearing peers engage in social play on school playgrounds, and how the surrounding school ecosystem shapes those interactions. The authors frame the work with Bron…
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Disclosure Matters: How Self-Disclosure Statements in Song Signing Videos Shape d/Deaf Audiences' Acceptance of Culturally Sensitive Content
This CHI 2026 paper investigates whether self-disclosure statements (SDS) — short first-person texts in which a song signer describes their identity, motivations, training, and relationship to the Deaf community — can improve how d/Deaf audiences rec…
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Reimagining Sign Language Technologies: Analyzing Translation Work of Chinese Deaf Online Content Creators
Tang and Piper investigate the translation practices of thirteen deaf Chinese online content creators who produce sign language videos for Kuaishou, Bilibili, Douyin, WeChat, and Xiaohongshu, reaching audiences that range from thousands to nearly a q…
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FAME: Exploring Expressive Facial Avatars for Lyrical and Non-Lyrical Music Visualization for d/Deaf Individuals
This CHI 2026 paper investigates whether expressive facial avatars can carry the emotional and structural richness of music — rhythm, pitch, melody, lyrics, and emotion — to d/Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) audiences in ways that captions and abstrac…
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Exploring AI Opportunities in Deaf Education: Understanding Design Needs Through Teacher and Parent Perspectives in Bangladesh
This CHI 2026 qualitative study investigates how AI-powered educational tools should be designed for Deaf learners in Bangladesh — a low-resource context where Bangla Sign Language (BdSL) is still evolving, datasets are small, and infrastructure (int…
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AuslanSpell: An Interactive Technology for Improving Auslan Fingerspelling Comprehension
AuslanSpell is an interactive learning tool that converts arbitrary English text into 3D motion-captured animations of Australian Sign Language (Auslan) fingerspelling, targeting hearing learners who struggle with the hardest part of sign-language le…
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Design and Evaluation of an American Sign Language Generator
Huenerfauth, Zhao, Gu, and Allbeck (2007) describe the implementation and user evaluation of a prototype system for generating animations of American Sign Language (ASL) classifier predicates — spatially complex hand movements that trace the location…
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A Multi-Path Architecture for Machine Translation of English Text into American Sign Language Animation
Huenerfauth's 2004 student-research-workshop paper proposes a 'multi-path' (or 'pyramidal') architecture for English-to-American Sign Language machine translation that unifies the three classical MT paradigms — direct, transfer, and interlingua — int…